粘性细颗粒泥沙的表面电荷特性研究进展  

Review of surface charge characteristics of fine sediments

作　　者：黄磊[1] 方红卫[1] 陈明洪[2] 赵慧明[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学水利水电工程系,水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室,北京100084 [2]中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第6期747-752,共6页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助项目(50909095);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2011JS131)

摘　　要：天然水体中的泥沙颗粒或多或少都带有一定量的电荷。颗粒表面的电荷特性,尤其是表面电荷分布,是研究泥沙颗粒与污染物相互作用以及泥沙颗粒间絮凝的重要方面之一。该文从泥沙颗粒的静电特性、动电特性和表面电荷分布3个方面,介绍了国内外学者的相关研究进展,并就当前所存在的问题和今后的研究方向给出了建议,为进一步揭示天然河流中相关现象的内在机理奠定了基础。Charges are very common on the surfaces of sediment particles in natural aquatic environments. The surface charge characteristics, especially the surface charge distribution, are some of the most important aspects affecting adsorption and flocculation. This paper presents a review of the surface charge characteristics of fine sediments, involving the electrostatic characteristics, dynamic electrical characteristics, and surface charge distributions. The shortcomings of the present work are analyzed with advice for future studies on the mechanisms of sediment adsorption and flocculation in rivers.

关 键 词：泥沙颗粒 表面电荷 双电层 

分 类 号：TV141.2[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]