从概念演进重新审视地下水可持续开采量  

Recertification of groundwater sustainable yield from concept revolution

作　　者：黄鹏飞[1] 刘昀竺[2] 王忠静[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学水利水电工程系,水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室,北京100084 [2]水利部水利水电规划设计总院,北京100120

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第6期771-777,共7页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(91125018);科技部国际合作项目(2010DFA21750);水利部行业公益性项目(200901019)

摘　　要：研究地下水可持续开发的理论和方法是当前迫切需求。本文系统总结了从地下水安全开采量到可持续开采量的发展演变过程,从物理机制结合概念内涵,分析了概念演化背后的理念转变,即从集总的、静态的、确定的、孤立的安全开采量转变为分布的、动态的、不确定的、系统的可持续开采量;并分析和量化地下水可持续开采量的影响因素,其中时空范围的约束相对明确,生态环境约束在有观测基础的地区可建立经验量化指标,经济社会约束主要依靠管理措施;最后简要介绍了地下水可持续开采量的评价方法。Groundwater sustainability is a big international problem. This study analyzes the evolution of the safe yield concept to sustainable yield. The philosophical transition behind this evolution is analyzed based on the physical mechanisms from a lumped, static, certain, and isolated safe yield to a distributed, dynamic, uncertain, and systematic sustainable yield. The factors influencing the groundwater sustainable yield are analyzed and quantified according to recent research. The time and space ranges are related with constraints on ecological environments quantified based on an empirical model in areas with solid observations. The economic and social constrains can be solved by proper management. A distributed transient numerical model is given as a necessary tool to evaluate sustainable yields.

关 键 词：地下水可持续开采量 概念演进 影响因素 评价方法 

分 类 号：P641.2[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]