不同控释尿素与普通尿素配比对冬小麦茎蘖、产量、土壤硝态氮和氮素平衡的影响  

Effects of the Combined Application of Control-Released Urea and Urea on Tillers,Yield,Soil NO_3^--N and Nitrogen Balance of Winter Wheat

作　　者：王弘菲[1] 高志岭[1] 陈新平[2] 刘树庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,河北保定071000 [2]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100083

出　　处：《华北农学报》2012年第2期196-201,共6页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：国家自然基金(41075105)

摘　　要：通过田间试验,研究了农民习惯施肥、优化施肥以及普通尿素和控释尿素在不同配比条件下对冬小麦茎蘖动态、冬小麦产量、土壤硝态氮动态和氮素平衡等影响。试验共设7个处理,分别是对照(CK)、农民习惯施肥(Ncon)、优化施肥(Nopt)、控释尿素(100%)(CRU1)、普通尿素(33.3%)+控释尿素(66.7%)(CRU2)、普通尿素(66.7%)+控释尿素(33.3%)(CRU3)和普通尿素(100%)(CRU4)。试验结果表明:2个生长季内,各施肥处理之间冬小麦群体动态没有显著差异,施用控释肥也并没有显著降低土壤硝态氮含量。尽管施氮处理之间冬小麦产量没有显著差异,但CRU2处理的产量、氮肥利用效率(RE)、农学效率(AE)和偏生产力(PP)略优于其他处理。因此,控释尿素和普通尿素配合施用(比例为2∶1)仍然是一种较佳的施肥方法。This conducted field experiment was to examine the effects of N managements of conventional,opti- mized and the combination of urea and control released urea on winter wheat stem tillers, yield, soil NO3- -N dynamic and nitrogen balance. Seven treatments including control （CK） , conventional N （Neon） , optimized N （Nopt） , con- trol released urea （ 100% ） （ C RU1 ） , urea （ 33.3 % ） ＋ control released urea （ 66.7 % ） （ C RU2 ） , urea （ 66.7 % ） ＋ control released urea（33.3% ） （CRU3） and urea （100%） （CRU4） were conducted. It shows that during the two winter wheat seasons, although no significant difference on the amount of tillers among different N treatments were i- dentified and no significant impact on the reduction of soil nitrate accumulation by applying control released urea in combination with urea was found, through this study, slightly higher yields, nitrogen recovery （RE） , agronomic effi- ciency（AE） and partial productivity （PP） in the treatment of CRU2 （ratio of urea to control released urea 2：1 ） were obtained,indicating it a relative better nitrogen management practice.

关 键 词：控释尿素 普通尿素 冬小麦 产量 氮素平衡 

分 类 号：S143.1[农业科学—肥料学]