枢纽下游河床冲刷深度和水位降落估算方法  

Method of estimating scour depth and fall of water level in scour holes below dams

作　　者：乐培九[1] 程小兵[1] 王艳华[1] 朱玉德[1] 

机构地区：[1]交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所工程泥沙交通行业重点实验室,天津300456

出　　处：《泥沙研究》2012年第3期57-63,共7页Journal of Sediment Research

基　　金：交通部西部交通科技项目(200732822471)

摘　　要：通过清水冲刷水槽试验,在探索非恒定输沙及床沙调整等规律的基础上,结合沙量平衡原理,建立了一种枢纽下游河床冲刷深度和水位降落的计算模式。洪峰过程可以概化为一种恒定的"当量流量",深槽冲刷以枯水边界作为脱离体,可将该模式延伸于天然河道。能够计算冲刷过程及终期河床冲刷纵剖面和不同流量下的水位降落。Based on the clear water scour experiment in a flume, the rule of sediment transport of unsteady flow and bed material adjustment,and the principle of sediment load balance,a computation pattern of scour depth and fall of water level in scour holes below dams is established. The flood peak process may be changed to a constant ＂equivalent flow＂ and the deep scour holes of the waterless boundary may be taken as the free body. This pattern may be extended to the natural rivers. It can calculate the scouring process and the falling water level at different water discharges and the longitudinal profile of the scour hole at the final stage.

关 键 词：冲刷深度 水位降落 当量流量 止冲流速 

分 类 号：TV147.5[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]