柴油机燃烧中多环芳香烃及碳烟的形成与演化的研究  

Formation and Evolvement of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon and Soot in Combustion Process of Diesel Engine

作　　者：鞠洪玲[1] 成晓北[1] 陈亮[1] 黄荣华[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学能源与动力工程学院,武汉430074

出　　处：《内燃机工程》2012年第3期26-32,共7页Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50976039);清华大学汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室开放基金(KF10112)

摘　　要：参考与柴油组分接近的正十四烷(C14H30)燃料的详细化学反应机理(由230个化学反应、92个化学成分组成),建立了化学成分的焓值计算程序,研究计算了柴油机缸内燃烧过程中诱发碳烟颗粒先导物生成的单环及多环芳香烃(PAHs)的形成与演化过程,应用Belar-dini碳烟模型计算了缸内碳烟颗粒的质量,分析了PAHs对碳烟生成的影响。结果表明:缸内温度达到着火温度时,燃料在燃烧室凹坑挤流区域首先着火燃烧,并随着扩散燃烧扩展到缸内的其他位置,此时缸内PAHs的质量急剧上升,在急燃期后PAHs组分由于成长和氧化反应消耗而下降,在燃烧后期PAHs的质量基本稳定。多环芳香烃中苯、菲、苯乙炔、萘的排放量较大,对碳烟质量生成的影响也较大。Examined detail chemical reaction mechanism of n-tetradecane, a hydrocarbon very close to diesel fuel in constituent （consisting of 230 chemical reactions and 92 chemical species）, enthalpy calculation subroutine of chemical species was built. The formation and evolution mechanisms of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon （benzene） and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs）, the precursor of soot particles, were studied, and soot particle mass in the combustion process was calculated by using Belardini soot model. The effect of PAHs on soot formation was analyzed. Results reveal that combustion occurs firstly in piston bowl, then spreads to other positions of combustion chamber. In this time, mass of PAHs in cylinder goes up rap- idly, and then goes down because of PAHs growth and oxidation in end of rapid combustion period, and the PAHs reach a stable value in end of combustion. The PAHs cause greater emissions of benzene, phenylacet- ylene, acenaphthene and phenanthrene and have major influence on soot formation.

关 键 词：内燃机 柴油机 碳烟 多环芳香烃 正十四烷 化学反应机理 

分 类 号：TK421.5[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]