不同土地利用方式对土壤动物多样性的影响研究  

Effect of Different Land-use Systems on Soil Animal Diversity

作　　者：吴玉红[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境管理干部学院,河北秦皇岛066004

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2012年第17期9270-9273,9313,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家973计划资助项目(2006CB100206)

摘　　要：[目的]探讨不同土地利用方式对土壤动物群落结构和生物多样性的影响。[方法]于2006年冬季(12月)和2007年春季(5月),对四川紫色土丘陵区农田边界、农田、果园和退耕林地的土壤动物群落结构进行调查。[结果]共获得土壤动物8 589只,分别隶属于3门9纲31类。在个体数量上,果园、退耕林地和农田边界显著高于农田;在类群数量上,农田边界显著高于农田和退耕林地,果园也显著高于农田;对Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H')、Pielou均匀性指数(J)、Simpson优势度指数(C)、Margalef丰富度指数(M)和密度-类群指数(DG)5个多样性指标进行分析表明,与H'相比,DG表征的土壤动物多样性更能客观地反映土壤动物分布的真实情况;土壤动物群落主成分分析表明,农田边界、果园和退耕林地的土壤动物群落与农田之间有显著差异。[结论]该研究认为土地利用方式对土壤动物的群落结构有明显影响,农田边界的存在对土壤动物生物多样性保护具有重要意义。[ Objective ] The aim was to discuss the effects of different land-use types on community structure and biodiversity of soil animal. [ Method ] In winter 2006 and spring 2007, soil fauna communities were investigated in the land-use systems of field margin, farmland,orchard, for- est returned from farmland in the purple hilly area of Sichuan Basin. [ Result ] They were a total of 8 594 individuals were captured and classified into 3 phylums,9 classes. The results showed that soil fauna individuals were significantly higher in the field margin,orchard,and forest returned from farmland than in the farmland. The group number was significantly higher in the field margin than in the farmland and forest returned from farmland,and higher in the orchard than in the farmland. The results analyzed using diversity indices （H＇,J,C,M,DG） indicated that density- group index ：（DG） was manifested better than H＇ in representing the complexity and the diversity of soil fauna communities,the density-group in- dex （DG） was significantly higher in the field margin and orchard than in the farmland and forest returned from farmland. Principal component a- nalysis for soil fauna communities showed that the soil fauna co mmunities of field margin, orchard and forest returned from farmland were significandy different from farmland. [ Conclusion]The study suggests that soil fauna communities are strongly influenced by land-use systems,field mar- gin plays an important role in conserving soil fauna diversity.

关 键 词：土壤动物 多样性 土地利用 紫色土丘陵区 

分 类 号：S154.5[农业科学—土壤学]