黄河下游浮游植物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系  

Community Structure of the Phytoplankton and Its Relationship with Environmental Factors in Lower Reaches of the Yellow River

作　　者：王晓臣[1] 杨兴中[1] 吕彬彬[1] 邢娟娟[1] 张建军[2] 刘静[3] 

机构地区：[1]西北大学生命科学学院,陕西西安710069 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄河水产研究所,陕西西安710086 [3]陕西师范大学生命科学学院,陕西西安710062

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2012年第18期9819-9821,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：水利部公益性行业科研专项经费(200901020)

摘　　要：[目的]研究黄河下游浮游植物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系。[方法]2011年4～6月,对黄河下游利津河段浮游植物进行定性定量研究,并结合浮游植物种群特征,探讨了其与环境因子的关系。[结果]该河段共有浮游植物5门114种,丰度为0.90×104～303.35×104ind/m3,平均丰度是27.20×104ind/m3;生物量为0.008～5.890 mg/m3,平均生物量0.641 mg/m3;Shannon-Weaver多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数及Simpson’s多样性指数分别为1.59、0.36和0.55。SPSS数据分析表明,影响浮游植物丰度的主要环境因子是透明度,浮游植物丰度与透明度呈正相关,回归方程为y=-393.8+115.5x-11.1x2+0.35x3(n=18,R2=0.952,F=92.665,P<0.01)。[结论]黄河下游浮游植物群落结构不稳定,容易受到外界环境影响而发生改变,透明度是其主要环境影响因子。[ Objective] The research aimed to study community structure of the phytoplankton and its relationship with environmental factors in lower reaches of the Yellow River. [ Method ] From April to June in 2011, phytoplankton was conducted qualitative and quantitative resear- ches in Lijin in lower reaches of the Yellow River. By combining population characteristics of the phytoplankton, its relationship with environ- mental factors was discussed. [ Result] 114 species and 5 phylum of phytoplankton were observed in the whole river section. The abundance of the phytoplankton was 0.90× 10^4 - 303.35× 10^4 ind/m^3 , and mean was 27.20 × 10^4 ind/m^3. The biomass of the phytoplankton was 0. 008 -5. 890 mg/m^3, and mean was 0. 641 mg/m^3. Shannon-Weaver diversity index, Pielou evenness index and Simpson＇ s diversity index were respectively 1.59, 0.36 and 0.55. SPSS data analysis indicated that transparency was uppermost environment factor affected the phytoplankton abundance. Phytoplankton abundance had positive correlation with transparency, and the regression equation was y = -393.8 ＋ 115.5x - 11. 1x2 ＋ 0. 35x3 （n = 18, R2 = 0. 952, F = 92. 665, P 〈 0. 01 ）. [ Conclusion ] The community structure of phytoplankton was unstable, and transparency was the uppermost environmental factor affected phytoplankton abundance in the lower reaches of Yellow River.

关 键 词：浮游植物 群落结构 环境因子 黄河下游 

分 类 号：S181.3[农业科学—农业基础科学]