上、下颌骨的CT影像与断层标本对照研究及临床意义  

CT Imaging and Anatomy Control Study of the Maxillas and Mandibles and Its Clinical Significance

作　　者：李培[1] 毛光兰[2] 付升旗[3] 范锡印[3] 岳学强[3] 王庆志[3] 

机构地区：[1]新乡医学院第三附属医院放射科,河南新乡453003 [2]新乡医学院第三附属医院康复科 [3]新乡医学院人体解剖学教研室

出　　处：《解剖与临床》2012年第2期103-106,共4页Anatomy and Clinics

基　　金：河南省教育厅科技攻关课题（200510472027）

摘　　要：目的：为牙种植术等临床口腔外科提供解剖学基础。方法：选取成人全牙上、下颌骨标本和志愿者全牙CT重建影像各20例，观察上颌窦下壁的凸起结构和下颌管的走行，测量上颌窦下壁、下颌管上壁至牙根的距离。结果：上颌窦系呈三边形或四边形的锥形腔隙，其下壁常有凸起的骨隔。在标本及影像上的上颌窦下壁至第1前磨牙、第2前磨牙、第1磨牙、第2磨牙、第3磨牙牙根的距离左、右分另0为（9．30±2．64）mm和（9．50±2．72）mm、（4．50±1．98）mm和（4．60±1．95）mm、（2．02±0．91）mm和（2．18±0．96）mm、（2．06±1．04）mm和（2．26±1．20）mm、（3．74±1．73）mm和（3．82±1．84）mm。下颌管自牙槽窝下方走行，其舌侧骨板较厚。在标本及影像上的下颌管上壁至第1前磨牙、第2前磨牙、第1磨牙、第2磨牙、第3磨牙牙根的距离左、右分别为（8．36±2．34）mm和（8．42±2．42）mm、（7．36±2．21）mm和（7．52±2．18）mm、（3．22±1．40）mm和（3．36±1．85）mm、（2．96±1．54）mm和（2．84±1．55）mm、（3．64±1．72）mm和（3．88±1．76）mm。结论：上颌窦、下颌管至牙根的距离测量，对选择适宜长度的牙种植体，避免牙种植体误入上颌窦和损伤下牙槽神经等具有重要意义。Objective：To provide anatomical basis for the dental implant operation of the clinical oral surgery. Methods：The full teeth of adult maxillas and mandibles, CT reconstructed imaging of the volunteers with teeth were selected. The processes on the inferior wall of maxillary sinus and the course of mandibular canal were observed, the inferior wall of maxillary sinus and the superior wall of mandibles canal to the dental root were measured. Results： It was triangular or quadrilateral cone - shaped space of the maxillary sinus, the processes of bony septum often appeared on the inferior wall of maxillary sinus. The distances from the inferior wall of maxillary sinus to the left and right dental root of first premolar, second premolar, first molar, second molar, third molar were （9.30 ± 2.64） mm and （9.50 ± 2.72） ram, （4.50 ± 1.98 ） mm and （ 4.60 ± 1.95 ） mm , （ 2. 02 ± 0. 91） mm and （2.18±0.96）mm, （2.06±1.04）mmand （2.26±1.20）mm, （3.74±1.73） mm and （ 3.82 ± 1.84 ） mm in specimen and imaging respectively. The mandibles canal traveled from the bottom of alveolar fossa and its lingual side was thicker. The distance from the superior wall of mandibles canal to the left and right dental root of first premolar, second premolar, first molar, second molar, third molar were （8.36±2.34）remand （8.42±2.42）mm, （7.36±2.21）mm and （7.52 ±2.18）ram, （3.22±1.40）mm and （3.36_±1.85）mm, （2.96±1.54）mmand （2.84±1.55）mm, （3.64±1.72）mmand （3.88±1.76） mm in specimen and imaging respectively. Conclusions：It is important to choose appropriate length of dental implantation, and avoid dental implantation to pierce into the maxillary sinus and injury of the inferior alveolar nerve that the distance from the maxillary sinus, mandibles canal to the dental root.

关 键 词：上颌骨 上颌窦 下颌骨 下颌管 

分 类 号：R816.98[医药卫生—放射医学]