我国基本药物制度现存的问题及建议  

The existing problems and countermeasures of implementing the essential drugs system

作　　者：郭塨[1] 孙振球[1] 何琼[1] 许林勇[1] 肖亚洲[2] 赵晓华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学公共卫生学院,湖南长沙410078 [2]湖南省妇幼保健院,湖南长沙410008

出　　处：《中南大学学报（社会科学版）》2012年第3期31-36,共6页Journal of Central South University：Social Sciences

基　　金：湖南省卫生厅科研基金课题"实行药品零差价对公立医院的影响及相关补偿机制的研究"(B2009-109);湖南省自然科学基金课题"湖南省农村药品供应与监督网络建设的综合评价"(08JJ3072)

摘　　要：我国的基本药物在30余年中得到了稳步发展,在一定程度上满足了人民基本医疗卫生需求,有效改善了患者在基层医疗机构用药的经济可及性,基本药物制度成为我国现阶段医疗卫生体制改革的重点。但是通过国内文献分析我国基本药物的相关政策和使用现状发现,由于基本药物遴选不尽科学、相关政策法律缺失、相关知识欠缺,医疗卫生机构补偿机制不完善等因素制约,导致基本药物生产供应不足、医疗机构储备较低、医生不愿处方和患者不愿选用等基本药物获得性障碍的现象凸显,造成基本药物制度实施面临较大阻力。建议通过科学制定并及时更新基本药物目录,提高基本药物的可获得性,完善医疗机构"零差率"补偿机制等,保障基本药物制度的实施。The national essential drugs got steady development in more than 3 decades, to a certain extent, which satisfied the people＇s basic medical health needs, and improved the patients＇ ability to pay for drugs in basic medical institutions effectively. Therefore, the essential drugs system becomes a key of the reform of medical system at present our country. Based on the analysis of the essential drugs policies and application through the domestic literature, we foud that as the unscientific selection of essential drugs, there exist the absent relevant policies, the imperfect compensation mechanism of medical and health institutions, and so on, leading to the availability disorders phenomenon of essential drugs highlighted, such as the inadequate production and supply of essential drugs, the low reserves of medical institutions, the doctors not to be willing to prescribe essential drugs, the patient not to be willing to buy essential drugs, and so on, which hindered the implementation of essential drugs system. This study puts forward the related policy suggestions. The authors believe that we can formulate essential drugs catalogue scientificly and update it timely, and improve the availability, and perfect the compensation method of medical institution drugs zero error rate policy in order to guarantee the implementation of essential drugs system.

关 键 词：基本药物 基本药物制度 药物遴选 可获得性 补偿机制 

分 类 号：R194[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]