福建古田水库渔业污染事故调查分析  

Inspection of a fish poisoning accident in Gutian reservoir in Fujian

作　　者：翁蓁洲[1] 

机构地区：[1]福州市海洋与渔业技术中心,福建福州350026

出　　处：《福建水产》2012年第3期220-224,共5页Journal of Fujian Fisheries

摘　　要：2004年6月22日,福建古田水库北区出现人工养殖的鱼类大面积死亡事件,受该县渔政管理站委托对该水库大面积死鱼事件进行调查鉴定工作。调查在事故区域布设了5个调查站位,对所采集的水样和鱼样进行测试分析,通过对比分析发生死鱼的事故区域和未发现死鱼的对照区域的水样各项因子测试结果以及死亡鱼体内脏和正常鱼体内脏的农残测试结果,笔者排除了酸碱污染物污染、缺氧、重金属污染、粪便污染(非离子氨中毒)、化学药品氟化物和挥发性酚中毒、水质变坏(硫化物指标升高和细菌总数变高)等因素。确定福建古田水库北区此次鱼类大面积死亡是由于有机农药硫丹中毒造成的,系一次人为投毒事件。也说明了浮游生物及微生物作为水环境污染变化的指示生物,在渔业污染事故监测调查中有着极其重要的地位。On June 22nd in 2004, we were entrusted by the local fishery management station to investigate a large area death accident of fish in the fishery farm at Gutian Reservoir in Fujian. We collected water and fish samples from 5 stations in the accident area. By comparing the water and fish organs samples from the control site, we basically excluded the pollution causes such as acid -base chemicals, hypoxia, heavy metals, fecal （not ammonium poisoning）, fluoride, volatile phenol and water quality （elevated sulphide and bacterial）. Our investigation result showed that the accident was caused by the pollution of one organic chloride pesticide ： endosulfan, and it was a intentional poisoning action. As environmental pollution indicating organisms, plank- ton and microorganisms were proved to be essential for such investigation. Water quality was indicated by the change of species structure, abundant and morphology of phytoplankton and zooplankton. We also learned that it was helpful for our investigation that the fish farm owner could reserve the dead sample （freezed） and report to the local fishery management department in time. After the fishery administrative departments and agencies in the fishery receiving the report, they should timely notify the fishery environment monitoring and other relevant qualification technical units in accident sample identification, in order to ensure the effective handling of fishery pollution accidents, help farmers to retrieve the economic loss, and preserve the fishery ecology environment.

关 键 词：渔业污染事故 硫丹 古田 鱼类死亡 

分 类 号：S949[农业科学—水产养殖]