无痛人工流产者避孕知识与行为的调查  

Study on Contraceptive Knowledge and Behavior of Women Who Seeked Painless Artificial Abortion

作　　者：施红莲[1] 刘晓瑷[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属国际和平妇幼保健院,上海200030

出　　处：《生殖与避孕》2012年第6期392-397,共6页Reproduction and Contraception

摘　　要：目的:了解无痛人工流产者对避孕知识的知晓程度与实际使用情况及影响因素。方法:采用横断面调查的方法,对因非意愿妊娠而自愿要求无痛人工流产者进行面对面的问卷调查,探究她们对于避孕方法的知与行的异同及其原因,并采用单因素和多因素非条件Logistic回归法分析每种避孕方法使用情况的影响因素。结果:在609名无痛人工流产者中,平均年龄为28.3±5.2岁,重复人工流产率为50.1%,首次性生活年龄为22.0±2.8岁。知道≥3种避孕方法者占95%以上。对某种避孕方法,使用者与知晓者的比例总体上从高到低顺序为避孕套(91.0%)、紧急避孕药(71.2%)、安全期(63.3%)、体外排精(58.8%)、杀精剂(21.1%)、口服避孕药(OC)(19.2%)、宫内节育器(IUD)(8.9%);目前使用者与曾经使用者的比例总体上从高到低顺序为安全期(83.4%)、避孕套(79.0%)、体外排精(71.2%)、杀精剂(50.0%)、紧急避孕药(36.1%)、IUD(11.4%)、OC(10.0%)。IUD和OC的停用和不愿使用的比例较高,主要原因是顾虑其副作用。未婚无分娩史者对安全期、体外排精、IUD和OC的知晓率较低,有分娩史者使用安全期、避孕套和IUD的比例最高,使用OC的比例最低;年龄、收入、流产次数对未婚无分娩史者选用避孕方法的影响比较大。结论:妇女对避孕方法的知晓度较高,但多未使用高效的避孕方法,避孕失误多,应加强流产后服务及避孕知情选择工作,指导妇女正确地选择和使用避孕方法,提高避孕效率。Objective： To study the differences of the knowledge level and behavior of contraceptive knowledge among women who seeked painless artificial abortion and to explore its related factors. Methods： A cross-sectional study was conducted among women with unwilling pregnancy who seeking painless artificial abor- tion by face to face interviews. Their generation conditions were descriptively analyzed, and the similarities and differences on their knowing and using of contraception were explored, The related factors of using contraceptive methods were analyzed through univariate and multivariate unconditional Logistic regression. Results： A total of 609 women seeking painless artificial abortion were investigated with an average age of 28.3±5.2 years old, repeated artificial abortion rate was 50.1%; first sexual activity age was 22.0±2.8 years old. More than 95.0% of them know of three or more contraceptive methods. About contraceptive methods, the proportion of using and knowing was ranged by condom （91.0%）, emergency contraception （71.2%）, safeperiod （63.3%）, withdrawl （ 58.8 %）, spermicid （21.1%）, OC （19.2%） and IUD （8.9%）; the proportion of current users in people once used it was ranged by safeperiod （83.4%）, condoms （79.0%）, withdrawl （71.2%）, spermicid （50.0%）, emergency contra- ception （36.1%）, IUD （11.4%） and OC （10.0%）. The main reasons of refusing or discontinuing IUD and OC were side effects. Among women who were unmarried and nulliparous, the proportion of knowing safeperiod, withdrawl, IUD and OC was the lowest, while the parous women reluctant to use OC and tend to use safeperiod, condom and IUD. The status of choosing contraceptive methods was greatly influenced by age, income and the times of induced abortion. Conclusion： Abortion women who are awareness of contraceptive methods account for a large proportion, while choosing less efficient contraceptive methods to use. It is important to provide higher-quality service on informed choice o

关 键 词：无痛人工流产 避孕 知识 行为 

分 类 号：R169.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]