高碳水化合物摄入比例对北京市房山区张坊村中老年人高血压患病率的影响  

Effects of different proportions of high carbohydrate intake on morbidity of hypertension of middle aged and elderly people in Zhang Fang village,Fang Shan District,Beijing

作　　者：洪忠新[1] 王佳[1] 武力[1] 顾中一[1] 毕研霞[1] 丁冰杰[1] 李伟[1] 张立红[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院营养科,北京100050

出　　处：《首都医科大学学报》2012年第3期403-408,共6页Journal of Capital Medical University

摘　　要：目的探讨碳水化合物摄入比例与北京市房山区张坊村中老年人高血压患病率的关系。方法随机抽取北京市房山区张坊村中老年村民150例,测量血压和人体指标,并对村民膳食摄入量进行调查,按纳入和排除标准入选132例作为研究对象。根据碳水化合物的摄入比例将村民分成两组:高碳水化合物摄入比例组(碳水化合物摄入比例占总能量比例大于或等于60%组),以下称高碳水化合物组(high carbohydrate group,HC组),和非高碳水化合物摄入比例组(碳水化合物摄入比例占总能量比例小于60%组),以下称非高碳水化合物组(none high carbohydrate group,NHC组),并对两组人群的有关指标进行统计分析。结果该村中老年高血压患病率较高,达59.1%。HC组高血压患病率明显高于NHC组,以收缩压升高为显著;两组村民年龄、性别、吸烟和饮酒情况差异无统计学意义;两组村民人体测量指标差异无统计学意义;两组村民总能量、碳水化合物、钙、钠及钾等摄入量差异无统计学意义,但NHC组村民鱼肉类、干果类和油脂类摄入量显著高于HC组,按营养素换算后NHC组村民蛋白质和脂肪摄入量亦显著高于HC组。结论碳水化合物摄入占总能量比例大于或等于60%时,高血压患病率明显增加,以收缩压升高为显著。这与蛋白质和脂肪的摄入量的减少有关,与年龄、吸烟、饮酒、人体测量指标及总能量、碳水化合物、钙、钠及钾等摄入量无关。Objective To investigate the relationship between the proportion of carbohydrate intake and the morbidity of hypertension in middle aged and elderly people in Zhang Fang village, Fang Shan District, Beijing. Methods Totally 150 middle aged and elderly villagers were selected randomly in Zhang Fang Village, Fang Shan District, Beijing. The blood pressure and parameters of anthropometry were measured and the diet intake was investigated. According to the criterion we selected 132 villagers as the objects of our study. According to the proportion of carbohydrate intake, we separated the villagers into two groups, high proportion of carbohydrate intake group （ the proportion of carbohydrate intake was more than 60% , high carbohydrate group, HC group） , and none high proportion of carbohydrate intake group （the proportion of carbohydrate intake was less than 60%, none high carbohydrate group, NHC group）. Results The morbidity of hypertension in this village in aged and elderly people was 59. 1%. The morbidity of hypertension in HC group was higher than in NHC group significantly, especially the systolic blood pressure. There were no significant differences in age, gender, smoking, drinking, parameters of anthropometry, the intake of energy, carbohydrate, calcium, sodium and potassium between two groups. But the intake of fish, meat, nut and oil was significantly higher than those in HC group. And the intake of protein and fat was significantly higher than those in NHC group by conversion of nutrient. Conclusion When the proportion of carbohydrate intake was more than 60%, the morbidity of hypertension increased significantly, especially the systolic blood pressure. This phenomenon is related to the lower proportions of protein and fat,and has nothing to do with age, smoking, drinking, parameters of anthropometry and the intake of energy, carbohydrate, calcium, sodium and potassium.

关 键 词：高血压 碳水化合物摄入比例 人体测量 蛋白质 脂肪 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]