北京冬季一次重污染过程PM(2.5)中水溶性无机盐的变化特征  

The variation of water-soluble inorganic ions during a heavy pollution episode in winter,Beijing

作　　者：金鑫[1] 程萌田[1,2] 温天雪[1] 唐贵谦[1] 王辉[2] 王跃思[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大气物理研究所,北京100029 [2]甘肃农业大学林学院,兰州730060

出　　处：《环境化学》2012年第6期783-790,共8页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：北京市科技计划公益应用项目(D09040903670902);中国科学院战略性先导性科技专项(XDA05100100);国家自然科学基金(41021004)资助

摘　　要：为了解北京冬季重污染过程大气颗粒物化学特性,利用高时间分辨率实时在线细粒子快速捕集及化学成分分析系统(RCFP-IC)对2011年2月18—24日发生的一次重污染过程PM2.5中水溶性无机离子浓度变化进行了在线观测.结合颗粒物质量浓度、气态污染物浓度及气象资料,对此次污染过程中污染物的化学成分变化特征进行了详细分析.结果表明,此次北京冬季重污染4 d中颗粒物污染严重;总水溶性无机离子平均质量浓度151.31μg·m-3,占PM2.5相对比例54%,其中NO3-、SO24-和NH4+质量浓度占总水溶性无机离子质量浓度91%,二次离子污染非常严重;硝酸根氧化率(NOR)和硫酸根氧化率(SOR)结果显示NO3-与SO24-主要通过非均相反应生成,水溶性无机盐存在形态以NH4HSO4和(NH4)2SO4为主;重污染期K+和Cl-质量浓度显著升高,Mg2+和Ca2+质量浓度下降;阳、阴离子电荷比(C/A)重污染平均值为0.8,细粒子偏酸性.To investigate the chemical characteristics of heavy atmospheric pollution of particulate matter in Beijing, the concentrations of water-soluble inorganic ions were observed using the rapid collection of atmospheric particles and the chemical component online analysis system （RCFP-IC） from 18 to 24 February, 2011 during a heavy pollution episode. Combined with the mass concentration of particulate matter, gaseous pollutant concentrations and meteorological data, we analyzed the characteristics of water-soluble inorganic ions in detail for this episode. The results showed that particulate pollution was serious during 4 days of this winter heavy pollution in Beijing. The total concentration of water-soluble inorganic ions was 151.31 μg. m-a and the relative proportions of PMz5 was 54% , of which more than 90% was from NO3- , SO2- and NH4＋. NOR and SOR showed that NO3- and SO2- were generated through the heterogeneous reaction. Water-soluble inorganic salts mainly existed in the form of NH4 HSO4 and （NH4 ）2 SO4. The concentrations of K ＋ and C1- increased significantly, while Mg2＋ and Ca2 ＋ showed an opposite trend during the heavy pollution episode. The average of C/A was 0.8. Fine oarticles showed aciditv.

关 键 词：重污染 水溶性无机离子 C/A SOR NOR 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]