核事故产生的放射性废水处理方法研究进展  

Progress in Treatment Processes of Radioactive Wastewater from Nuclear Accident

作　　者：蔡璇[1] 刘燕[1] 张云[1] 刘翔[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学环境科学与工程系,上海200433

出　　处：《化学通报》2012年第6期483-488,共6页Chemistry

摘　　要：核事故会对人们生命安全及环境健康造成巨大危害。为最大限度地控制放射性物质的传播扩散,放射性废水的有效处理和处置应当引起我们足够的重视。本文总结了切尔诺贝利核爆炸、日本福岛核泄漏对放射性废水的处理经验,列举了美国、英国等国推荐使用的有效处理方法,并对吸附法、离子交换法、膜分离法以及联用工艺的研究进展进行了概述,为我国建立和完善核事故放射性废水处理和处置方案提供借鉴。Nuclear accidents might do great harm to the safety and health of human beings and the environment.In order to control the spread of radioactive matter,we should place enough emphasis on effective treatment and disposal of radioactive wastewater.This article summarized the treatment experience of Chernobyl nuclear explosion and Fukushima nuclear leakage in Japan,listed some effective treatment processes recommended by USEPA and UKHPA,and reviewed the research progress of adsorption,ion exchange,membrane separation and combined processes,which might offer China some reference in the establishment and improvement of radioactive wastewater treatment and disposal after nuclear accident.

关 键 词：放射性废水 处理经验 处理方法 核事故 

分 类 号：X771[环境科学与工程—环境工程]