计划烧除攀枝花苏铁林区地面覆盖物对苏铁生长和土壤理化性质的影响  

Effects of Prescribed Burning on Plant Growth and Soil Properties of a Cycas Panzhihuacycasis Forest

作　　者：朱利英[1,2] 赵春章[1] 莫旭 余志祥[3] 刘庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院成都生物研究所,中国科学院山地生态恢复与生物资源利用重点实验室,生态恢复与生物多样性保育四川省重点实验室,成都610041 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]四川攀枝花苏铁国家级自然保护区,攀枝花617000

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2012年第3期381-390,共10页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(Nos.30800165,30800161);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(No.KSCX2-YW-Z1023)和中国科学院成都生物研究所领域前沿项目(No.Y0B2021100)共同资助~~

摘　　要：选择攀枝花苏铁林下计划烧除试验后苏铁及其根系周围土壤（0~15 cm）为对象,研究火烧对攀枝花苏铁植株生长、叶片生理和苏铁根系周围土壤理化性质的影响,以期为区域攀枝花苏铁种群恢复和生态环境保护提供理论依据.结果表明：计划烧除区域苏铁成年树的株数及株高没有显著变化,新生叶片数目和幼苗株数相对未烧除区域显著增加,增幅分别达201.66%和317.7%;烧除区域苏铁植株新生叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素a＋b,可溶性糖、蛋白质含量,硝酸还原酶（NR）、谷氨酰胺合成酶（GS）活性,叶片碳（C）、氮（N）、磷（P）、钾（K）含量,C/N、N/P比与对照区域新生叶片相比无显著性差异,只有类胡萝卜素含量显著降低.计划烧除改变了苏铁根围土壤（0~15 cm）的理化性质,表现在烧除后的土壤含水量、pH值及总N、P、K含量显著降低;但是,火烧显著提高了土壤有机碳（TOC）、硝态氮（NO3--N）、铵态氮（NH4＋-N）含量,微生物量C、N含量也略有升高;这说明火烧有利于增加苏铁林下土壤养分（N）的有效性,为烧除后苏铁快速恢复生长提供有利条件.The effects of prescribed burning on the growth,leaf physiology of Cycas panzhihuaensis L.Zhou et S.Y.Yang and the physical and chemical properties of surface soil（0~15 cm depth） were studied.When compared with the control plots,there were more new leaves and new trees（increased by 201.66% and 317.7%,respectively） in the burnt plots;in contrast,neither height nor the number of adult C.panzhihuacycaside plants were affected significantly by the burning.However,no significant effects of the prescribed burning was observed on the photosynthetic pigment content including chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,and chlorophyll a＋b,and there were also no significant change in the contents of soluble sugar,soluble protein,carbon（C）,nitrogen（N）,phosphorous（P）,potassium（K）,the activities of nitrate reductase（NR）,glutamine synthetase（GS）,and the C/N ratio,N/P ratio of new leaves.On the other hand,the concentration of carotenoid in the new leaves of C.panzhihuacycaside was significantly reduced by the burning.In addition,the prescribed burning obviously changed the physical and chemical properties of the surface soil（0~15 cm）.After burning the soil water content,pH,and content of total N,P,K were significantly reduced.However,content of soil organic carbon（TOC）,nitrate（NO3--N）,ammonium（NH4＋-N） were significantly increased,while the microbial biomass C content and microbial biomass N content increased slightly.Therefore,the prescribed burning was helpful to increase nutrient（N especially） availability of the soil in the C.panzhihuacycaside forest and provided favorable conditions for the plant regeneration

关 键 词：攀枝花苏铁 计划烧除 植物生长 土壤养分 土壤理化性质 

分 类 号：S791.11[农业科学—林木遗传育种]