不同有机物料对黑土及其复合胶体比表面积和电荷性质的影响  

Effect of different organic materials on specific surface area and charge property of black soil colloid

作　　者：李建明[1] 吴景贵[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,长春130118

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2012年第7期850-854,共5页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD89B06;2012BAD14B05);现代农业(肉牛)产业技术体系专项经费(CARS-38);吉林省科技厅项目(20060212)资助

摘　　要：通过盆栽试验研究了施用动物粪便、动物残体、草本残体、木本残体4种不同有机物料对黑土胶体及黑土阳离子交换量(CEC)的影响。结果表明:不同来源有机物料对黑土胶体及黑土CEC的影响存在差异。与CK相比,动物粪便处理下黑土胶体比表面降低7.33%,而动物残体处理下提高了59.58%,木本残体提高了57.46%,草本残体提高了100.18%。pH<6时,各处理土壤胶体表面可变电荷量(Q表面)的曲线大致相似;在pH>6时,各有机处理土壤胶体样的表面电荷(Q样)均高于CK,并且动物粪便与木本残体的Q表面曲线相似且数值较高,CK与动物残体Q表面的曲线大致相同且数值较低。在pH为8～10时,各处理Q样由大到小依次为:动物粪便>木本残体>动物残体>草本残体>CK,动物粪便土壤胶体参比的表面电荷(Q参)与动物残体Q参的曲线大致相同并且数值较高,CK与草本残体Q参曲线相似且数值较低。不同来源有机物料对黑土CEC的影响也有所不同,动物粪便、动物残体、木本残体显著提高黑土CEC,而草本残体作用不明显。Soil colloidal particles have high specific surface area and numerous reaction sites,which modify soil aggregate structures,contribute to soil-water erosion and are crucial for soil integrity.The principal scope of the wide use of organic amendments of various origins and natures in modern agriculture was to increase and/or restore organic matter contents in organically poor or depleted soils.This is needed to maintain and/or increase crop production and reduce soil exposure to degradation,erosion,desertification and pollution.Such amended soils could,however,be affected in different ways and at various degrees depending on the nature,origin and rate of amendments.Thus in this paper,a pot experiment was conducted to determine the effects of different organic materials on the colloidal properties and cation exchange capacity（CEC） of black soils.The results showed that colloidal properties and CEC of black soils varied with different organic materials.Compared with control treatment（CK）,animal excrement decreased soil colloidal specific surface area（SSA） by 7.33%.The treatments of animal remnants,woody residues and herb residues increased soil colloidal SSA by 59.58%,57.46% and 100.18%,respectively.At pH6.Furthermore,Qv-pH curve of animal excrement treatment was similar to that of woody residues treatment.Also Qv contents of animal excrement and woody residues treatments were higher than that of CK and animal remnant,while animal remnant treatment Qv-pH curve was similar to that of CK.At pH 8~10,the order of Qvs content was animal excrement 〉 woody residues 〉 animal remnant 〉 herb residues 〉 CK.Whereas animal remnant and excrement reference fluid Qv（Qvr）-pH curves were similar,their Qvr contents were higher than that of CK and herb residues,Qvr-pH curve of CK was similar to that of herb residues treatment.The effects of different organic materials on CEC of black soils were also different.Animal excrement,animal remnant and woody residues significantly increased black soil CEC,while herb res

关 键 词：有机物料 黑土 比表面 土壤胶体特性 可变电荷 阳离子交换量(CEC) 

分 类 号：S153.3[农业科学—土壤学]