不同尺度下梯田果园地表径流养分流失特征分析  

Characteristics of nutrient loss from surface runoff of terraced orchards under different scales

作　　者：张展羽[1] 张卫[1] 杨洁[2] 吴云聪[1] 汪邦稳[2] 张杰[2] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学水利水电学院,南京210098 [2]江西省水土保持科学研究所,南昌330000

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2012年第11期105-109,共5页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(项目编号:YS11001);2009年江苏省研究生科研创新计划项目(项目编号:CX09B_168Z)

摘　　要：为了研究尺度变化对红壤区梯田果园养分随地表径流流失的影响,通过2011年4–9月份在江西省水土保持生态科技园的野外试验,对比分析了径流小区尺度(处理1)和自然大坡面尺度(处理2)在2种典型降雨下的产流、产沙以及N、P流失特征。结果表明:具有相似下垫面条件的处理1和处理2相比,中雨型条件下处理2单位面积产流、产沙量分别为处理1的23.09%、13.63%,大雨型条件下处理2单位面积产流、产沙量分别为处理1的27.49%、13.72%,其产流产沙过程基本一致,都是随着降雨强度的变化而变化;各处理养分流失主要集中在产流初期,后期逐渐趋于稳定。In order to study the nutrient loss from surface runoff in terraced orchards at different scales, the field experiments under two typical rainfalls and two different scales （Scheme 1： runoff plot scale, Scheme 2： natural slope scale） were performed to investigate characteristics of the runoff, sediment yield, and N and P transfer process in Soil Conservation Ecological Science and Technology Demonstration Park in Jiangxi province from April to September in 2011. The results showed that the runoff and sediment yield per unit area in Scheme 2 were fairly smaller than that in scheme 1, which accounted for 23.09%, 13.63% of that in Scheme 1 under moderate rain, and 27.49%, 13.72% of that in Scheme 1 under heavy rain. The processes of runoff and sediment yields of Scheme 1 and Scheme 2 were basically similar along with changes of the intensity of rainfall. The nutrition loss was mainly in the initial stage, and homogeneously stable in the later stage.

关 键 词：径流 氮 磷 雨型 泥沙 

分 类 号：S812.2[农业科学—草业科学]