进气成分对柴油机燃烧特性的影响  

Effects of inlet gas composition on combustion characteristic of diesel engine

作　　者：刘勇强[1] 左承基[1] 程晓章[1] 徐天玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学机械与汽车工程学院,合肥230009

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2012年第12期55-61,I0002,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50776027)

摘　　要：为了研究进气成分对柴油机着火和燃烧过程的影响,在一台视窗上置式柴油机可视化实验装置上,用高速摄像机记录了油门全开时不同进气成分下柴油机燃烧过程的火焰照片,应用三基色法计算了燃烧温度场,结合示功图和放热率曲线分析了不同进气成分对柴油机燃烧特性的影响。结果表明:当进气成分不同时,缸内着火时刻、燃烧持续期、最大爆发压力和最大放热率均发生相应改变;同时,进气成分的改变对缸内最高温度和平均温度的影响较大;另外,进气同时加入2%H2和10%CO2可以在氧体积分数减少的情况下改善燃烧,有利于降低柴油机有害排放物的生成。研究结果为实现柴油机高效、低污染燃烧提供一种新的方法。To study the effects of charge compositions on the ignition and combustion process of diesel engine, the flame photos of diesel combustion process with full throttle under different charge compositions were recorded using high-speed camera on the optical engine with observation window on the cylinder-head. The temperature field in cylinder calculated by the three-primary-color method, indicator and heat release rate diagram were applied to analyze the effects of charge compositions on combustion characteristic. The results showed that ignition time,combustion duration,peak value of the cylinder pressure and heat release rate changed with different charge compositions and the changes of charge compositions strongly influenced the maximum temperature and average temperature in cylinder. In addition, intake air mixed with 2% H2 and 10% CO2 improved combustion in reduction of oxygen and depressed the harmful emissions from diesel engine. The study provides a new method for realizing high efficiency and low-pollution emissions in diesel engine.

关 键 词：柴油机 温度 燃烧 进气成分 三基色法 

分 类 号：TK421.2[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]