我国不同地区猫和犬饲养及猫栉首蚤感染调查  

Survey of cats and dogs breeding and Ctenocephalides felis infection in China

作　　者：孟凤霞[1] 吴丹丹[1,2] 杨庭祥[1] 姜洪荣[3] 靳建超[1,4] 刘京利[1] 刘起勇[1] 孙凡[2] 张晓越[1] 龚正达[5] 葛军旗[6] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所媒介生物控制室,传染病预防控制国家重点实验室,北京102206 [2]东北林业大学林学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [3]青岛市疾病预防控制中心 [4]南京农业大学农药系 [5]云南省地方病防治所 [6]北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2012年第3期212-215,共4页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

基　　金：国家自然科学资金(30771874);北京市优秀人才培养资助项目(2011D008001000003)~~

摘　　要：目的了解我国部分地区猫、犬的饲养及其猫栉首蚤感染情况,为猫栉首蚤及其相关传染病的预防控制提供依据。方法采用入户调查法,在北京市、青岛市和云南省部分农村及城乡结合部调查猫、犬的养殖情况;用体表蚤、游离蚤、蚤卵调查和回顾调查等方法,调查家猫、流浪猫和家犬的猫栉首蚤感染率;用蚤卵调查法研究北京地区猫栉首蚤的季节发生规律。结果 (1)北京市郊区,64.52%～83.87%的农户养犬,平均0.84～1.87只/户,其中69.2%～86.8%的犬为散养;2.94%～6.45%的农户养猫,为散养。青岛市平度农村40.43%的农户养犬,平均0.50只/户,>36.5%的犬为散养。(2)北京市郊区和青岛市农村的猫,猫栉首蚤感染率为100%;而犬的蚤感染率仅为3.85%～19.15%,为人蚤和猫栉首蚤。(3)在北京市郊区,冬季猫栉首蚤产卵量依然较大。结论在我国农村和城乡结合部,家犬的养殖量较大,家猫的饲养很少,猫主要以流浪猫形式存在。流浪猫的猫栉首蚤发生普遍,且全年发生;应加强流浪猫的管理,关注猫栉首蚤及其相关人兽共患传染病的预防控制。Objective To understand the breeding condition of dogs and cats and their cat flea, Ctenocephalidesfelis, infection in several areas of China, so as to provide basic evidence for cat flea and related infectious diseases prevention and control. Methods Door-to-door household survey was used to know the dogs and cats feeding condition in the suburb of Beijing, and rural areas of Qingdao of Shandong province and Dali of Yunnan province. C. felie abundance in stray cats, domestic dogs and cats were evaluated using body surface examination, free flea collection on the ground, flea eggs investigation as well as retrospective survey methods; and the seasonal fluctuation of C. felis in suburb of Beijing was studied using the flea eggs investigated method. Results （1） In Beijing suburb, 64.52%-83.87% of peasant households kept dogs with an average of 0.84-1.87 dogs per household, 69.2%-86.8% of the dogs were not chained, and 2.94%-6.45% of peasant households had free- roaming cats. In rural areas of Pingdu Qingdao of Shandong province 40.43% of households kept dogs, with an average of 0.50 dog per household and more than 36.5% of those dogs were not chained. （2） The infection rate of C. felis in cat in rural areas of Qingdao and Beijing was 100%, while only 3.85%-19.15% of dogs were infected with Pulex irritans and C.felis. （3） In winter, C. fells still could lay a large amount of eggs in Beijing. Conclusion There were a great number of domestic dogs but few domestic cats in the rural and urban-rural areas of China, most cats were homeless. C. felis can develop on the surface of cat throughout the year. It is very important to enhance the management of stray cats and to pay more attention to the prevention and control of C. felis and other infectious diseases.

关 键 词：家猫 流浪猫 家犬 猫栉首蚤 

分 类 号：R384.3[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学] S829.2[医药卫生—基础医学]