螨特异性抗体水平与居室内过敏原浓度的相关性研究  

Study on the correlation between mite specific antibody levels in serum and allergen concentration in house dust samples

作　　者：张春梅[1] 陈蕴光[1] 赖荷[1] 李文[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州医学院第二附属医院过敏反应科,广东广州510260

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2012年第3期225-227,共3页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2005A10901003)~~

摘　　要：目的探讨过敏性患者血清螨特异性抗体水平与居室内过敏原浓度的相关性。方法选择户尘螨(d1)和/或粉尘螨(d2)血清检测结果在4～6级(中、重度)的过敏性疾病(包括过敏性哮喘、过敏性鼻炎、异位性皮炎、慢性荨麻疹)患者33例,用吸尘器吸取患者居室内枕头、被子、床垫、褥子上的灰尘,装入专用盒子;用德国Acarex公司的HDM过敏原快速检测试剂盒对尘样进行检测,根据显色反应判断尘螨过敏原浓度水平(共4级,包括阴性、低度阳性、中度阳性、高度阳性)。结果共采集尘样79份,检测结果均为阳性;其中低度阳性、中度阳性、高度阳性的检出率分别为24.1%(19份)、25.3%(20份)和50.6%(40份)。统计数据经χ2检验,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),显示中、重度过敏性疾病患者血清螨特异性抗体水平与居室内过敏原浓度呈正相关,即患者血清螨特异性抗体水平有随着居室内过敏原浓度升高而增加的趋势。结论中、重度过敏性疾病患者血清螨特异性抗体水平与居室内过敏原浓度呈正相关,临床医生应指导患者定期清洁居室内的寝具,做好尘螨过敏原的防护工作,减少甚至切断过敏原,为患者的脱敏治疗提供帮助。Objective To study the correlation between mite-specific antibody levels in serum and allergen concentration in house dust samples. Methods Thirty- three patients suffering from allergic asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis and urticaria chronica were included in the study. Their mite-specific antibody levels in serum were graded from 4 to 6. Dust from pillows, quilts, mattresses being used by the allergic patients was collected with vacuum cleaner and conserved in a dedicated box, and used for the detection of allergens with HDM allergen detection kit （Acarex company, Germany） with the levels of mite allergens evaluated according to the eolour reactions, which were classified as negative, mild positive, moderate positive and highly positive）. Results Seventy-nine samples were all positive, with 19 samples being mild positive （positive rate 24.1%）, 20 samples moderate positive （25.3%）, 40 samples highly positive （50.6%）. It was demonstrated by the ehi-square test that there were significant differences in antibody levels and positive rates among the three groups （P〈0.05）, there being a positive correlation between mite-specific antibodies in serum and allergens in bedrooms of patients with moderate and severe allergies. Conclusion There is a positive correlation between mite-specific antibodies in serum and allergens in bedrooms of patients with moderate and severe allergies. Doctors should instruct patients with allergic disorders to clean their bedrooms and linens properly in order to reduce, even eliminate allergens in their bedrooms for the prevention and control of their allergies.

关 键 词：过敏性疾病 螨特异性抗体 过敏原 相关性 

分 类 号：R384.8[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学] R392.8[医药卫生—基础医学]