1960―2011年海陵岛气候与极端天气变化趋势分析  

Variations of Extreme Weather in Hailing Island during 1960-2011

作　　者：蔡兵[1] 邓松[1] 汤超莲[1] 杨会[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局南海分局,广州510310

出　　处：《热带地理》2012年第3期241-245,共5页Tropical Geography

基　　金：国家海洋局南海分局局长基金(1245)

摘　　要：根据海陵岛闸坡海洋水文气象观测及《台风年鉴》资料,对海陵岛1960―2011年的气候与旱涝、暴雨、台风、极端温度、海面温度(SST)热事件等极端天气变化趋势进行分析。结果显示:海陵岛为边缘热带气候,近52年的升温率为0.21℃/10a;1963年为特旱年,1973、2001、2008年为特涝年;累年平均暴雨日数为9.5d/a,大暴雨日数为2.4d/a;严重影响海陵岛的热带气旋(中心进入海岸线1个纬距以内)累年平均1.43个/a;寒潮未曾出现,但有过严重寒害。在气候变暖背景下,20世纪80年代以来≥35℃极端高温日数总体上呈显著增加趋势,而≤5℃极端低温日数呈减少趋势。SST≥30℃、持续10d以上的热事件共出现23次。With the data from Zhapo Environmental Monitoring Station and those from The Yearbook of Typhoon, the variations of drought, waterlogging, rainstorm, extreme temperature and hot events of sea surface tempera^tre （SST） in Hailing island during the period from 1960 to 2011 are analyzed in this paper. It is shown that Hailing is of marginal tropical climate. In the last 52 years the increasing rate of temperature was 0.21 ℃/10 a, 1960 was a year of especial drought, while 1973, 2001, 2008 were the years of especial waterlogging. The average annual number of the rainstorm days was 9.5 d/a, that of the especially strong rainstorm days was 2.4 d/a. There were 1.43 tropical cyclones per year on average that seriously affect Hailing island. （A typhoon whose center is at a distance of less than one degree latitute from the coast would exert serious influence on the island.） There was no cold wave intruding into Hailing, but sometimes heavy cold damages might occur. Since the 1980s, in the background of global climate warming, the number of the days with an extremely high temperature ≥ 35 ℃ has obviously increased, while the number of the days with an extremely low temperature ≤5 ℃ decreased. There were 23 hot events occurring around Hailing. （In a hot event the SST≥30℃ continued for more than 10 days）

关 键 词：气候变化 极端天气事件 海陵岛 

分 类 号：P46[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]