陕西省生态资本供求时空演变特征研究  

Spatio-temporal characteristics of ecological capital supply-demand in Shaanxi province

作　　者：马彩虹[1,2] 任志远[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,西安710062 [2]陕西理工学院历史文化系,汉中723001

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2012年第8期15-19,共5页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41071057);教育部人文社科研究基地重大项目(2009JJD770025)资助

摘　　要：依据生态足迹方法核算了陕西省各市1990年～2008年生态资本,并对其时空演变特征进行分析。结果表明:(1)1990-2008年陕西省各市生态资本供需态势可分为三类:西安市、宝鸡市、咸阳市和渭南市为I型(生态赤字扩大),铜川市、汉中市、安康市和榆林市为Ⅱ型(盈余转赤字),商洛市和延安市为Ⅲ型(盈余转持平);(2)生态压力变化表现出高压力高速扩张(如西安市)、中压力中速扩张(如咸阳市、宝鸡市、渭南市)、低压力低速扩张(如榆林市、延安市、铜川市、安康市、商洛市和汉中市)的特征;(3)关中地区人均资本需求量普遍较大,但是人均资本供给量普遍偏小,陕北和陕南地区人均生态资本需求量较小,但人均资本供给量较大。因此,关中地区生态资本供需缺口最大。2008年,生态赤字总量占陕西省89%。其中,西安市是陕西省最大的生态赤字贡献城市,占到了陕西省的41.4%,咸阳市第二(17.7%),渭南市第三(15.4%),宝鸡市第四(13.2%)。Based on the theory of ecological footprint,we accounted the ecological capital of Shaanxi province from 1990 to 2008,and its spatial and temporal evolvement characteristics was analyzed.The result showed that ecological capital supply-demand trends in Shaanxi province could be divided into three types during the research period：Type Ⅰincluded Xi＇an city,Baoji city,Xianyang city,Weinan city,in which the ecological deficits were enlarged much.Type Ⅱ included Tongchuan city,Hanzhong city,Ankang city and Yulin city,in which the ecological capitals changed from ecological surplus to ecological deficit.Type Ⅲ included Shangluo city and Yan＇an city in which the ecological capitals changed from ecological surplus to ecological balance.Ecological pressure enlarged gradually in Shanxi province with the feature that the ecological pressure enhanced quickly in the regions that the ecological pressure were high at origin period,yet,which enhanced slowly in the regions that the ecological pressure were low at origin period.Ecological capital supply density of Guanzhong region was the biggest among the three regions in Shaanxi province,whereas,ecological capital demand densities were far larger than in Shanbei region in southern Shaanxi region,too.Therefore,the gap of ecological capital supply-demand in Guanzhong region was the most.For example,the regional deficit of 88.7 percent in 2008 in Shaanxi province generated from Guanzhong region.Xi＇an city accounted for 41.4% of ecological deficit in Shaanxi province in 2008,whchi was the biggest ecological deficit contribution one;Xianyang was the second of which was 17.7%;Weinan was the third of which was 15.4%;Baoji city was the fourth of which was 13.2%.

关 键 词：生态经济学 时空特征 生态足迹 生态资本 陕西省 

分 类 号：F062.2[经济管理—政治经济学]