不同喂养方式对早产低出生体重儿生后1～3个月生长指标增长值的影响  

The effects of feeding types for preterm/low-birth-weight infants on growth parameter during the 1st to 3rd months

作　　者：谭小华[1] 崔其亮[1] 张慧[1] 吴繁[1,2] 高平明[3] 黄润忠 杨基龙 阮婉芬[6] 黄志坚 瞿柳红[8] 丘小汕[9] 湛洁谊[10] 高树辉 

机构地区：[1]广州医学院第三附属医院儿科,广州510150 [2]广东省东莞市常平人民医院儿科,523573 [3]广东省佛山市妇幼保健院新生儿科,528000 [4]广东省佛山市顺德妇幼保健院新生儿科,528300 [5]广东省广州市番禺区何贤纪念医院新生儿科,511400 [6]广东省佛山市顺德第一人民医院新生儿科,528300 [7]广东省广州市妇女儿童医疗中心新生儿科,510623 [8]广东省广州市花都区妇幼保健院新生儿科,510800 [9]中山大学附属第一医院儿科,广州510080 [10]广州医学院第一附属医院儿科,广州510120 [11]广东省佛山市禅城区中心医院儿科,528031

出　　处：《广东医学》2012年第11期1574-1578,共5页Guangdong Medical Journal

基　　金：2011年广东省第三批科技计划项目(编号:粤科规划字[2011]97号-1);2011年第5批广州市科学技术经费项目(编号:2011J4100046);广州市医药卫生科技一般引导立项项目(编号:201102A213149)

摘　　要：目的探讨早产儿出院后配方奶与母乳、足月儿配方奶、混合喂养等不同喂养方式对早产低出生体重儿生后1～3个月阶段的体重、身长、头围等生长指标增长值的影响。方法广州市与佛山市10家医院新生儿科出院的早产低出生体重儿(胎龄不足37周且出生体重小于2 500 g)489例,分为早产儿出院后配方奶喂养组(PDF组,n=323)、母乳喂养组(BM组,n=38)、足月儿配方奶喂养组(TF组,n=76)、早产儿出院后配方奶联合母乳喂养组(PDF/BM组,n=28)和足月儿配方奶联合母乳喂养组(TF/BM组,n=24),观察及比较各组在出生后1、2、3个月时体重、身长、头围增长值的差异。结果 PDF组在1、2、3个月时的体重增长值均大于BM组(P<0.05),1、3个月时的身长增长值大于BM组(P<0.05),2、3个月时的头围增长值大于BM组(P<0.05)。PDF组在1、2、3个月时的体重、身长、头围增长值均大于TF组(P<0.05)。结论出院后应用配方奶喂养能使早产低出生体重儿在生后1～3个月阶段的体重、身长、头围快速增长,从而帮助早产低出生体重儿实现追赶性生长,避免或减少宫外发育迟缓的发生。Objective To study the effects of postdischarge formula （PDF）, breast milk （BM）, term formula （TF） or mixed - feeding for preterm/low - birth - weight （LBW） infants on their growth parameter （ e. g. body weight, body length and head circumference） in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd months. Methods A total of 489 preterm/LBW infants from ten hospitals in the Guangzhou and Foshan in Guangdong Province, with gestational age less than 37 weeks and a birth weight less than 2 500 grams, were enrolled. According to the feeding types, they were assigned into five groups： PDF - fed group （ n = 323 ）, BM - fed group （ n = 38 ）, TF - fed group （ n = 76 ）, PDF/BM mix - fed group （ n = 28 ） and TF/BM mix-fed group （n =24）. The weight,body length and head circumference in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd month were recorded for analysis. And the increased values of each growth parameter were calculated. Results The increased weight was significantly more prominent in PDF - fed group during the 1st, 2nd and 3rd month, when comparing with those in BM-fed group; and so were the increased body length during the 1st and 3rd months and the increased head circumference during the 2nd and 3rd month （P 〈0. 05）. The increased weight, body length and head circumference were all significantly more prominent in PDF - fed group during the 1st, 2nd and 3rd month, when comparing with those in TF - fed group （P 〈 O. 05 ）. Conclusion PDF feeding provides more improvement of body weight, body length and head circumference for pretenn/LBW infants after hospital discharge, thus reduces the incidence of extrauterine growth retarda- tion.

关 键 词：早产儿 低出生体重儿 喂养方式 生长发育 

分 类 号：R722[医药卫生—儿科]