从三次大赛奖牌榜分析世界田径格局  

The Structure of World Track and Field Sports from Medal List of Three Games

作　　者：黄文敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]福州大学体育部,福建福州350002

出　　处：《吉林体育学院学报》2012年第3期74-77,共4页Journal of Jilin Sport University

摘　　要：奖牌榜总体反映各参赛国的综合实力,它较为直观清晰的反映该项目的大体竞争格局和和发展态势。大邱,柏林世锦赛和北京奥运会田径比赛奖牌榜统计分析研究表明:1)世界田径运动的总体竞争格局未发生重大的变化;2)金牌分布呈高度集中趋势,"强弱分明"的两极分化态势加剧;3)竞技实力格局极端不平衡,优势项群的分布具有明显的地域特征;4)欧洲是现在世界田径运动的中心,中北美则是世界田径运动的焦点;5)中国队的整体实力有一定的提升,但夺金点,突破点并没有明显有效的增加,女子投掷、男女竞走、女子马拉松和男子110m栏是中国田径队伦敦主要夺金夺牌点。Medal list reflected each participating countries integrative strength,which more clear reflected this sport general competitive pattern and developing state.The comparative research of medal standings of IAAF World Championships Daegu,Berlin and track and field competition in Beijing olympic games showed that： 1）The overall competitive pattern of world track and field sports has never made great change.2）Gold medal distributing become more and more centralizated,the gap between strong and weak is very huge.3）The pattern of competitiveness strength is extremely unbalance,preponderant item group distributing has distinct regionally character.4）Europe is the center of world track and field sports,and middle and north america is the focus.5）Chinese team＇s strength has definitely improved.However,gold point and break point have never effective increased.Women＇s Jaculation,men＇s race-walking,women＇s marathon and men＇s 110m hurdles will be chinese team＇s gold medal point or medal point in London olympic games.

关 键 词：世锦赛 奥运会 奖牌统计 世界田坛 竞争格局 

分 类 号：G82[文化科学—体育训练]