低效低质人工林优化改造后林下植被多样性研究  

Understory biodiversity of managed plantation stands from the inefficient and inferior forests

作　　者：魏天兴[1] 陈致富[2,1] 赵健[3,1] 郑江坤[4,1] 朱文德[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083 [2]广西柳州市第二中学,广西柳州545001 [3]辽宁江河水利水电新技术设计研究院,辽宁沈阳110003 [4]四川农业大学,四川雅安625014

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2012年第5期800-806,共7页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项(BLJD200909);国家“十二五”科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD38B06)

摘　　要：采用样地调查法,对经过人工优化改造的陕西吴起县城周边的低效低质林,选取了其中的11种改造模式(即人工林林分)及1块天然次生林,进行了林下植被多样性的研究。结果表明:12个样地共调查到55种植物,各样地林下植物种有11-23种;阿尔泰狗娃花(altaicus(Willd.)Novopokr.)、达呼里胡枝子(davurica(Laxm.)Schindl.)、赖草(secalinus(Georgi)Tzvel.)、针茅(capillata Linn.)、毛连蒿(vestita Wall.ex Bess.)和委陵菜(chinensis Ser.)是最常见的种,而赖草、毛连蒿、达呼里胡枝子、华北米蒿(giraldii Pamp.)、茵陈蒿(capillaris Thunb.)、艾蒿(lavandulaefolia DC.)是改造后人工林林下重要值最大的优势种,植物偶见种也较多;不同样地林下植物多样性指数差异显著;物种多样性指数Gleason指数和种间相遇机率(PIE)指数变化趋势基本一致,Simpsom指数、Pielou均匀度指数变化趋势与前两者相反,Shannon-Wiener指数变化趋势不明显。分析表明:人工林林下植被多样性较之天然林要差,其多样性受人工林林分密度、林龄及林分组成等影响。The understory biodiversity was studied using ground plot investigation for eleven managed plantation stands from inefficient and inferior forest and one natural secondary stand （control）. As a result, there were 55 species on all 12 plots, ranging from 11 to 23 species. The most commonly happened species were Altaicus OVilld.） Novopokr., Ddavurica （Laxm.） Schindl., Capillata Linn., Vestita Wall. ex Bess., Chinensis Set. The dominant species were Secalinus （Georgi） Tzvel., Vestita Wall ex Bess., Davurica （Laxm.） Schindl., Giraldii Pamp., Capillaris Thunb., Lavandulaefolia DC. There were significant difference in biodiversity between plots. The variation tendency of Gleason index was consistent with that of PIE index. Simpson index and Pielou evenness index was opposite to Gleason and PIE. There was no apparent variation in Shannon--Wiener Index. It was suggested that the biodiversity of plantation stands was influenced by stand age, density, and composition. The biodiversity of plantation stand was poorer than natural forest.

关 键 词：风蚀水蚀交错区 林分改造 林下植被 生物多样性 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]