煤矿作业场所职业危害综合评价的同异反模型研究  

Comprehensive evaluation of the occupational hazards in coal enterprises by using identical discrepancy contrast model

作　　者：李华[1,2] 田彦清[2] 钟兴润[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学能源学院,西安710054 [2]西安建筑科技大学材料与矿资学院,西安710055

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2012年第3期216-219,共4页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：西安建筑科技大学青年科技基金项目(QN0735);"濮耐"教育奖学金青年教师科研基金项目(PN0807)

摘　　要：为克服传统安全评价方法的粗糙性和主观性,提高煤矿企业职业危害安全评价方法的计算效率,运用集对分析原理系统地展开分析和评价。通过对煤矿作业场所职业危害诸多影响因素的分析,建立了以作业人员、粉尘、有毒物质、物理因素、设备设施和管理为1级指标的评价体系,结合层次分析法确定指标权重,并引入集对分析法中同异反联系度的计算公式,建立了煤矿企业作业场所职业危害综合评价的同异反评价模型。将12项2级指标作为输入节点进行联系度的确定性与不确定性分析,从而实现了对煤矿作业场所职业危害状况的综合评价。结果表明,所选取评价对象的职业危害状况处于"达标",与该企业实际状况相符合,应重点加强通风除尘设备的维护和管理。In order to overcome the roughness and subjectivity of traditional methods on evaluating the occupational hazards in the coal-mining working conditions and improve the computational efficiency of the safety assessment of such hazards in the coal enterprises,the present paper has adopted the principle of set pair analysis（SPA） method to make a systematic evaluation of the actual situation.To make our evaluation as much as possibly valuable,we have taken as the primary indexes the workers on duty,dust,toxic substances,physical factors,facilities and the mining management concerned.Next,we have defined the weight of each index combined with the analytic hierarchy process.At the same time,the paper has introduced into our research and analysis the formula of identical discrepancy contrast（IDC） relation degree in SPA.And,last of all,we have presented an evaluation model of IDC about comprehensive evaluation on occupational hazards in the working conditions of the coal-mining enterprises.To achieve a comprehensive evaluation of occupational hazards in such workplaces,the paper has taken the following steps： first of all,we have taken the twelve second level indexes as an input node through certainty and uncertainty analysis of the hierarchical degree.Secondly,a ternary connection number of indexes has been built at all levels through the improvement of the uncertainty analysis.Thirdly,the first level indexes are put in a sequential order according their trend values.And,fourthly,we have worked out the main values of the contact numbers of the total indexes by means of the equipartition principle and confirmed the evaluation rating of the system.The results of our evaluation show that the comprehensive evaluation of the occupational hazards in the selected system is ＂up to the standards＂,which proves consistent with the actual situation.To improve the present dissatisfactory status-quo,the central focus is expected to put on the maintenance of and improving the ventilation and dust removal facilities.The r

关 键 词：职业卫生工程 职业危害 综合评价 同异反模型 煤矿 

分 类 号：X96[环境科学与工程—安全科学]