睡眠状态下正常儿童上气道的电影MRI研究  

Cine MR imaging on upper airway in asymptomatic children during sleep

作　　者：郑鹤琳[1] 蔡金华[1] 秦勇[1] 刘波[1] 李昊[1] 黄开平[1] 刘先凡[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属儿童医院放射科,重庆400014

出　　处：《第三军医大学学报》2012年第13期1340-1343,共4页Journal of Third Military Medical University

摘　　要：目的探讨正常儿童睡眠状态下上气道电影磁共振(magnetic resonance imaging,MRI)形态学表现。方法选择2010年6月至2011年2月在重庆医科大学附属儿童医院放射科行头颅MRI检查的112例2～7岁无睡眠相关性疾病的儿童,行上气道矢状位电影MRI序列成像,将上气道分为鼻咽、口咽、口腔3段,分别评估上气道各段通气状态(静止开放、动态开放、间断闭合、持续闭合4种),测量上气道各段前后径及动度。结果 112例中,口咽部存在动度50例(44.6%),鼻咽部存在动度44例(39.3%),口腔存在动度8例(7.2%)。口咽部气道动度为(2.49±2.20)mm,鼻咽部气道动度为(2.13±0.75)mm,口腔气道动度为(1.42±0.53)mm。结论 MRI电影序列能较准确地测量上气道各段管腔直径并判断有无动度,是一种可用于评估上气道的理想检查手段。正常儿童睡眠状态下可以存在一定程度(一般小于5 mm)的气道动度。Objective To investigate the manifestation of upper airway on cine MR imaging in children without respiratory symptoms during sleep. Methods One hundred and twelve subjects without sleep-related disorders were recruited from a population of patients between the ages of 2 and 7 who were referred for MR imaging of the brain because of other reasons in our department from June 2010 to February 2011. A sagittal midline cine MR sequence was performed by using a 1.5-T MR imaging system. The upper airway was segmented as nasopharynx, oropharynx and oral cavity. Motion of the nasopharynx, oropharynx and oral cavity was characterized as static patent, dynamic patent, intermittent collapse, or static collapse. The maximal diameter and greatest change in size of three segments were measured and calculated. Results In 112 subjects, dynamic motion （dynamic patent or intermittent collapse） was detected in the oropharynx in 50 cases （44.6%）, in the nasopharynx in 44 cases （39.3%）, and in the oral cavity in 8 cases （7.2%）. The dynamic motion was 2.49 ± 2.20 mm in the oropharynx, 2.13 ±0.75 mm in the nasopharynx, and 1.42 ±0.53 mm in the oral cavity. Conclusion Cine MR imaging is an ideal way to measure the diameter and evaluate the dynamic motion of the upper airway in children. A certain degree of airway motion （usually less than 5 mm） is commonly en- countered in children without sleep disorder and should be considered as a normal finding on cine MRI.

关 键 词：磁共振成像 磁共振电影成像 上气道 儿童 

分 类 号：R322.3[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学] R339.31[医药卫生—基础医学]