利用水文模型研究下垫面变化对洪水的影响  

Study on impact of basin cushion changes on river floods by hydrological modeling

作　　者：李致家[1] 姚玉梅[1] 戴健男[1] 张建中 胡春岐 姚成[1] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学水文水资源学院,南京210098 [2]海委科技咨询中心,天津300170 [3]河北省水文水资源勘测局,石家庄050031

出　　处：《水力发电学报》2012年第3期5-10,共6页Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering

基　　金：水利部公益项目"下垫面变化条件下设计洪水修正技术研究"(200901029);国家博士点基金资助项目(20090094110005);半湿润半干旱流域用于水文预报的新一代降雨径流水文模型研究(41130639);洪水预报降雨径流分布式水文模型中新一代流域汇流模型及尺度规律研究(51179045)

摘　　要：近年来由于人类活动对下垫面的影响加剧,研究下垫面变化对洪水的影响对减少灾害损失有重要的意义。对于海河流域中紫荆关、邱庄、阜平三个流域分别用新安江模型进行洪水模拟,并把洪水按照年代不同分时段,分别进行参数调试。通过比较模拟得到的参数发现,海河流域的调蓄作用有增强的趋势。同时根据流域下垫面的具体情况改进新安江模型,构造了增加补给深层地下水的新安江模型,该模型产流模拟更符合海河流域下垫面的实际情况。以紫荆关流域为例通过对参数S0的调试,说明地下水漏斗对洪水的影响情况。As impact of human activities on land surface is increasing recent years,study of the impact of underling surface change on river flood becomes more significant to reduction of flood disaster loss.This paper presents a simulation of the floods in the Haihe River basin using Xin＇anjiang model,with the flood in each of its sub-basins,Zijinguan,Qiuzhuang and Fuping,being modeled separately.Each flood is divided into shorter time segments that are independently tested to determine its model parameters.To consider the specific conditions of underling surface in these basins,Xin＇anjiang model is improved by constructing a new term for deep groundwater recharge.Comparison of the parameters obtained from simulation data reveals a tendency of the basin toward greater regulating-storing capacity.With addition of the new term,the runoff simulation has a better agreement to the real case of the basin＇ s underlying surface.A demonstration of the impact of groundwater funnel on floods since 1980s is given by analyzing an example of Zijingguan sub-basin.

关 键 词：水文预报 下垫面变化 洪水模拟 增加补给深层地下水的新安江模型 

分 类 号：TV11[水利工程—水文学及水资源]