实施标准预防对医护人员职业暴露的防护作用  

PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF IMPLEMENTING STANDARD PRECAUTIONS ON OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE

作　　者：轧春妹[1] 张先军[1] 李楠[1] 吴曼丽[1] 王佩[1] 高斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津市传染病医院 天津市肝病医学研究所,天津300192

出　　处：《中国消毒学杂志》2012年第6期489-490,共2页Chinese Journal of Disinfection

摘　　要：目的观察实施标准预防措施对防护医护人员职业暴露的效果。方法通过对医护人员进行标准预防知识和技术培训及相关硬件建设相结合,观察对医护人员职业暴露的防护效果。结果在研究期间医护人员职业暴露率波动在8.4%～22.1%之间,锐器损伤率波动在10.20%～26.62%范围。职业暴露和锐器损伤率均为护士高于医生,所发生的锐器损伤部位主要是手,占91.38%。实施标准预防措施以来,医护人员职业暴露率和医疗锐器损伤率均呈现下降趋势。结论医疗职业暴露和锐器损伤人群主要是护士,且以损伤手为主,医院实施"标准预防"措施可有效降低医护人员职业暴露率和锐器损伤率。Objective To observe the protective effect of implementing standard precautions on staff＇s occupational exposure. Methods Knowledge and technology training of standard precautions combined with hard ware construction to observe the protective effect on staff＇s occupational exposure. Results The rate of staff＇s occupational exposure was from 8.4% to 22. 1% and sharp injury rate was from 10. 20% to 26. 62% during investigation time. These two rates of nurse were higher than those of doctor. The main positions of sharp injury were hands that accounted for 91.38%. After implementing standard precautions, the staff＇s occupational exposure rate and sharp injury rate showed downtrend. Conclusion Implementing standard precautions in hospital can decrease staff＇s occupational exposure rate and sharp injury rate effectively. The main crowd of occupational exposure and sharp injury are nurse and the main injury oosition is hand.

关 键 词：标准预防 医院感染 职业暴露 防护效果 

分 类 号：R184.6[医药卫生—流行病学]