氯胺酮在体内的分布与代谢  

The Distribution and Metabolism of Ketamine in the Body

作　　者：柳正寅[1] 刘清[1] 张鑫[1] 李树华[1] 解润芳[1] 李慧[1] 方洁[1] 孙静茹[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明医学院法医学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《现代生物医学进展》2012年第16期3194-3197,共4页Progress in Modern Biomedicine

基　　金：云南省科技厅应用基础研究面上项目(2008ZC114M)

摘　　要：目前,氯胺酮(ketamine,俗称K粉)的滥用现象日益严重,并有愈演愈烈之势,特别流行于舞厅等娱乐场所,对社会治安和经济建设造成极大危害。滥用毒品倾向呈现年轻化、男女平均化且女性滥用者的比例上升和用药多元化的趋势,由滥用鸦片类药物发展到多种药物的滥用。调查发现,毒品滥用中K粉比例达20%以上,短期可使语言迷糊,引起幻觉,长期可使人记忆力衰退及认知能力障碍,导致心功能损害。因吸食氯胺酮或服用含有氯胺酮的摇头丸、迷奸药而中毒死亡的案件逐年上升。本文综述了对氯胺酮在体内各个部分的分布与代谢,更多、更快、更好的为氯胺酮相关案件的检材选取,分析检测及体内过程的评价提供科学依据。Recently,the abuse of ketamine,which is commonly known as K fen,is becoming more and more serious.It can be said that it shows a growing trend,especially popular in the dance halls and other entertainments.This phenomenon has an extremely bad influence on social security and economic construction.Drug abuse tends to be young.Moreover,men and women users average out.In addition,the rate of women users rises.That is to say,drug abuse shows diversified trends,developing from only opium abuse to multiple kinds of drug abuse.An investigation shows that the rate of ketamine abuse can reach over 20%,which can make a person speak unclearly in a short period of time and become delusive.For a longer period of time,it can cause a person＇s memory loss and cognitive impairment,leading to impairment of cardiac function in the end.The cases of death owing to taking katamine,MDMA containing ketamine and Rohypnol is rising year after year.This article reviews the distribution and metabolism of ketamine in the body in order to provide a more scientific,a much faster and a better way of showing evidence for the seizure of material selection,analysis and evaluation of the in vivo process concerned with ketamine cases.

关 键 词：氯胺酮 分布 代谢 去甲氯胺酮 

分 类 号：R971.2[医药卫生—药品]