孙思邈的针灸学说及其学术贡献  

SUN Si-miao′s Doctrine on Acupuncture and Moxibustion and His Academic Contributions

作　　者：赵艳[1] 庄虔东 

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学,北京100029 [2]山东莒县食品药品监督管理局,山东日照276500

出　　处：《世界中西医结合杂志》2012年第6期526-528,共3页World Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine

摘　　要：孙思邈,自号孙真人,唐初著名医学家,总结唐以前临床经验和医学理论,著《备急千金要方》及《千金翼方》二书。孙氏学识渊博,品德高尚,其学术思想是多方面的,如重视医德与医术相结合,将医为仁术的精神具体化;重视对药学和方剂学的研究,被后世誉为药王;研究伤寒的观点和方法对后世启发颇多;提倡食治与养性、养老等。此外,孙思邈在针灸学研究方面亦十分突出,他保存了唐以前重要的针灸文献史料,并首绘彩色《明堂经图》;明确指寸取穴法,勘定穴位,发展经穴理论;完善针灸治疗大法,重视针灸预防与治疗作用;临证重视诊脉刺灸,治疗疾病针、灸、药并重,对后世针灸学的发展具有重要贡献,今以《备急千金要方》及《千金翼方》二书中的针灸内容为据,探讨孙思邈在针灸学方面的主要学术贡献。Sun Si-miao,the artname：Sun Zhen-ren,the eminent medical scholar in the early Tang dynasty.He summarized the clinical experiences and medical theories before Tang dynasty and wrote Bei Ji Qian Jin Fang（＂Essential Formulas for Emergencies Worth a Thousand Pieces of Gold＂）and Qian Jin Yi Fang（＂Supplement to the Formulas of a Thousand Gold Worth＂）.Sun Si-miao had great learning and noble character and enriched in academic thought.For example,he attached importance to the coordination between medical ethics and medical skill.He though that medicine was the spiritual specification of benevolence.He valued the research on pharmacy and formulas of Chinese medicine and was titled as China’s King of Medicine by the later generations.His research on the ideas and methods of cold damage disease enlightened the later generations.He advocated diet therapy,emotional and moral cultivation,provision for the aged,etc.Moreover,Sun Si-miao had the outstanding contributions to the research of acupuncture and moxibustion.He preserved the valuable historical literatures on acupuncture and moxibustion before Tang dynasty and was the first person to draw the color painting of Ming Tang Jing Tu（＂Illustrated Mingtang Acupoint Canon＂）.He clearly determined the finger measurement,surveyed acupoint locations and developed the theory of meridian acupoints.He perfected the fundamental law on the treatment with acupuncture and moxibustion and thought highly of the prevention and efficacy of acupuncture and moxibustion.In clinical practice,he paid attention to pulse diagnosis,acupuncture and moxibustion.He believed the equal importance of acupuncture,moxibustion and herbal medicine in treatment.All of these brought the essential contributions to the development of acupuncture and moxibustion in the later generations.In reference to the evidences on acupuncture and moxibustion in Bei Ji Qian Jin Fang（＂Essential Formulas for Emergencies Worth a Thousand Pieces of Gold＂）and Qian Jin Yi Fang（＂Supplement to the

关 键 词：孙思邈 针灸学说 《明堂经图》 诊脉刺灸 经穴理论 

分 类 号：R245[医药卫生—针灸推拿学]