预焙铝电解槽三维槽帮形状的模拟计算  

Simulation calculation of 3D freeze profile in prebaked aluminum reduction cells

作　　者：崔喜风[1] 邹忠[1] 张红亮[1] 李劼[1] 徐宇杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学冶金科学与工程学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第3期815-820,共6页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助项目(2010016212008);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51104187)

摘　　要：应用APDL语言设计一种新型的三维槽帮形状计算算法,通过循环调用前处理、求解和后处理模块,自动调整三维槽帮表面节点坐标,实现铝电解槽三维槽帮形状的计算。选择成熟的180kA铝电解槽作为研究算例,在有限元软件ANSYS的平台上建立四分之一槽电热模型,并引入热接触来描述熔体与槽帮、阳极和阴极等之间的对流传热,进行三维槽帮的数值仿真研究。采用这种三维计算方法可以更加真实的考虑铝电解槽的结构和工艺参数情况,电热耦合计算又将电场对热场的影响考虑在内,更加符合实际情况。研究结果表明:该算法得到的槽帮形状与实测结果基本一致,同时验证铝电解槽槽帮在小面厚度大于大面厚度,而在角部处槽帮最厚的规律。该方法可为新型铝电解槽设计提供技术支撑。The APDL was used to loop through the PREP7, SOLUTION and POST1 modules, so as to relocate the nodes on the surface of the freeze. Then, the 3D calculation for the side-ledge profile was fulfilled. Taking a 180 kA aluminum electrolysis cell as the numerical example, based on ANSYS, the quarter thermal-electric model was developed, and the thermal conductance contact from the melt to the frozen electrolyte, the anodes and bottom cathodes was introduced in order to express the corresponding thermal convection. More dimensional information was included in the 3D-1/4 cell mode/, and influences of electric were considered because it was thermal-electric coupled field calculation, both of which made this calculation method closer to the real situation. The results show that the 3D frozen profile obtained agrees very well with practical situation, and the frozen electrolyte of the endwall is thicker than that of the sidewall, and the comer has the thickest side ledge. This computation method can be used to guide the design of developing cell structure.

关 键 词：铝电解槽 3D槽膛内形 电热耦合计算 热接触 有限元 

分 类 号：TF821[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]