豆科、禾本科5种牧草异行混播草地当年建植效果研究  

Study on the Planting Effect of the Mixed Grassland with Five Kinds of Leguminous and Gramineous Forages under the Different Sowing Patterns

作　　者：张鲜花[1] 朱进忠[1] 穆肖芸[1] 加娜尔古丽.穆沙 古伟蓉[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院/新疆草地资源与生态重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2012年第6期1142-1147,共6页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业部公益性行业科研专项"牧区优质高效饲草生产利用技术研究示范"(201003023)

摘　　要：【目的】通过不同混播比例、不同种植方式建植混播草地的研究,探索自然降水在500 mm以上的雨养地区,建植优质、高产、稳定与中长利用年限混播人工草地的技术途径。【方法】试验设红三叶(Trifoliumpratens)、红豆草(Onobrychis viciaefolia)与鸭茅(Dactylis glomerata)、无芒雀麦(Broumis inermis)、猫尾草(Phlemu pratense)5种牧草混播,混播比例为4∶6、6∶4、5∶5三种处理,各处理又以1∶1行、2∶2行、3∶3行异行种植;在豆科牧草花期与禾本科牧草抽穗期,刈割测定草地群落各种群组分的密度、高度与产草量,对比分析各处理的草地经济性状表现。【结果】在不同种植方式的处理中,1∶1行的异行种植方式,各项经济性状指标均优于其它种植方式;在不同混播比例处理中,以4∶6混播比例的草群产量最高,在1∶1行处理中,平均产干草1 209.1 g/m2;其它处理也多在800 g/m2以上。【结论】试验区草地在建植当年就表现出良好的长势与较高的生产性能,尤其是豆科牧草的产量在草群中大幅度增加,可极大地提升草地的质量。[ Objective ] The different seeding technical way of planting high quality, high yield, rates and sowing ways were studied in order to explore the stable and long - use life of mixed artificial grassland in the area with rainfall of above 500 nun. [ Method ] The mixture patterns consist of five kinds of forage, Onobrychis viciaefolia, Trifolium pratens, Dactylis glomerata, Broumis inermis, Phlemu pratense which were designed at the mixed sowing ratio of 4： 6, 6：4 and 5：5 of the three kinds of treatment and each treatment with 1： 1, 2：2 and 3：3 lines of different planting; when flowering and heading, the density, height and forage yield of various group community were studied and the economic characters were contracted. [ Results ] The result showed that various economic indexes are better than those of other planting patterns at 1 ： 1 line, and the forage yield of mixed 6：4 was the highest and the average yield was 1 209.1 g/m2, at the same time the forageyield was above 800 g,/m2 in other treatment. [ Conclusion l So good growth vigor and high performance were showed, especially the increases of legumes yield can greatly enhance the quality of grassland in planting year at the research site.

关 键 词：种植方式 混播比例 草地经济性状 

分 类 号：S812.4[农业科学—草业科学]