流感嗜血杆菌肺炎20例报告  

Analysis of 20 cases with haemophilus influenzae pneumonia

作　　者：赵国昌[1] 曾玫[1] 王晓红[1] 王岱明[1] 王传清[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海医科大学儿科医院,200032

出　　处：《临床儿科杂志》2000年第2期80-82,共3页Journal of Clinical Pediatrics

摘　　要：为了解小儿急性肺炎中流感嗜血杆菌(HI)的致病情况,采用经鼻深插气管吸痰检测呼吸道病原(培养、碱性磷酸酶抗碱性磷酸酶法、PCR法)。结果:329例病儿中分离出致病菌83株,HI20株(24.1％),占首位。发病年龄:<1岁55％,<3岁90％。临床症状以混合病毒感染者重,出现高热、寒战或抽搐。耐药率不低于25％,选用对产β-内酰胺酶强杀菌力的头孢呋辛治疗有效。提示:在婴幼儿细菌性肺炎中HI为第一病原,<3岁是主要感染人群,耐药率接近国外报道。治疗上应根据临床结合药物敏感试验结果,选用对耐药菌株敏感的抗生素。In order to investigate the pathogenic situation of haemophilus influenzae (HI) pneumonia in infants with acute pneumonia, pathogenic culture, PCR and APAAP determinations of sputum specimens, that were collected by nasotracheal aspiration, were detected in 329 pneumonia infants,respectively. The results showed that 83 pathogens were identified among 329 cases. HI was isolated in 20 of 83 pathogens (24. 1%),and was as a most common pathogen responsible for pneumonia. The onset age of 55% infants with HI pneumonia was less than one year old and 90% was less than 3 years old. The clinical lymptoms in the HI patients manifested high fever, chill or seizures, in particular serious in infants with coinfected with viruses. The incidence of drug-resistant HI was about 25%. Cefuroxime, an excellent agent against beta-lactamase-producing was effect for HI infection. It is suggested that HI is a leading pathogen of bacterial pneumonia in infants, and susceptible population is mainly in infants under 3 years old. The incidence of drug-resistance to HI is similar to that published. The sensitive antibiotics should be chosen based on the drugsusceptible test.

关 键 词：肺炎 流感嗜血杆菌 儿童 耐药菌株 抗生素 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]