大同地区急性下呼吸道感染住院患儿病毒病原学分析  

Viral etiological analysis of children with acute lower respiratory tract infection in Datong area

作　　者：刘英 侯芳 

机构地区：[1]山西省大同市妇儿医院,037004

出　　处：《临床合理用药杂志》2012年第17期19-21,共3页Chinese Journal of Clinical Rational Drug Use

摘　　要：目的了解大同地区急性下呼吸道感染住院患儿的5种常见病毒感染状况。方法采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA法)检测急性下呼吸道感染住院患儿血清中5种病毒[腺病毒(ADV)、柯萨奇病毒(CBV)、巨细胞病毒(CMV)、呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、单纯疱疹病毒(HSV)]特异性抗体IgM。结果 367例急性下呼道感染患儿血清中,检出病毒IgM阳性例数为217例(59.1%),其中单一病毒IgM阳性149例(40.6%),≥2种病毒IgM阳性68例(18.5%),ADV、CMV、RSV为主要病毒病原体;男性患儿病毒IgM阳性率为54.1%,女性患儿为57.8%,男、女比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.02,P>0.05);病毒IgM阳性率最高的年龄段为6个月～1岁,阳性率为63.5%,2～3岁次之,阳性率为57.5%;气温较低的冬春季节以RSV感染为主,随着气温的升高则以ADV感染为主;以毛细支气管炎病毒检出率最高(58.1%),其次是支气管肺炎(57.9%),大叶性肺炎最低(19.2%)。结论该院儿童急性下呼吸道感染病毒检出率较高,且有季节及病种的规律性。应重视病毒病原学检测,及早明确感染病原,以利于及时采取相应治疗措施,提高诊疗水平。Objective To master viral etiological infected situation of children with acute lower respiratory tract infec- tion. Methods Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to detected of 5 kinds of IgM specific anti body of se- rum virus infection in hospitalized children with acute lower respiratory tract infection, including adenovirus （ADV）, Coxsackie virus （CBV） ,cytomegalovirus （CMV） ,respiratory syncytial virus （RSV） ,herpes simplex virus （HSV）. Results 367 cases of acute lower respiratory tract infection,the virus detected in serum IgM positive rate was 59.1% （217/367） ,in which a sin- gle virus IgM positive rate was 40.6% （ 149/367 ）, two species or more than two kinds of the virus IgM positive rate was 18.5% （68/367）;ADV, CMV and RSV were the main viral pathogens; positive rate of virus IgM in boy children was 54. 1%, while the girl was 57.8%, and there was no statistically significant difference （X2 = 0.02 ,P 〉 0.05 ） ;at age group of 6 months to 1 year-old virus IgM positive rate of up to 63.5%, 2 - 3 year-old, followed by age group, the positive rate was 59. 9% ;in low temperature season, RSV-IgM positive rate was significantly higher than in the high temperature season, ADV- IgM positive rate was significantly higher than others. Capillary bronchitis virus was the highest （58.1% ）, followed by Bron- chial Pneumonia （57.9%）, Lobar Pneumonia was the lowest （ 19.2% ）. Conclusion Virus detection rate in the hospitalized children with acute lower respiratory tract infection is high, and there is a season and disease regularity. Taking appropriate therapeutic measures can improve the diagnosis and treatment, and avoid misleading antibody.

关 键 词：下呼吸道感染 急性 病毒 病原学 酶联免疫吸附法 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]