2009-2011年肇庆市某医院感染现患率调查分析  

Investigation and analysis of nosocomial infection prevalence rate of a hospital during 2009 to 2011

作　　者：陈捷[1] 张伟嫦[1] 李健平[1] 林彬彬[1] 钱子龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]肇庆市第一人民医院,广东526021

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2012年第6期629-631,634,共4页Journal of Medical Pest Control

摘　　要：目的了解医院感染现患率状况,为医院感染的防控提供对策。方法对2009年、2010年与2011年3次医院感染现患率调查结果进行分析。结果 2011年医院感染现患率为3.68%,与2009年的3.19%和2010年的3.69%比较,三者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。下呼吸道感染现患率由2.09%降至1.11%,泌尿道感染现患率由0.37%上升至1.23%,手术部位感染现患率由0.12%上升至0.78%。抗菌药物使用率由47.54%降至31.77%(P<0.005);一联、二联、三联及以上用药构成比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗+预防用药构成比由8.59%升至15.25%(P<0.05),预防用药构成比由34.38%降至23.86%(P<0.01)。医院感染病原体以革兰阴性菌为主,其次为革兰阳性菌和真菌。结论掌握医院感染的发生部位、感染危险因素和联合使用抗菌药物关系,可有效防控医院感染的发生,促进医院管理改进。Objective To understand the prevalence rate of nosocomial infection and provide basis for infection control and prevention.Method Analyzed the prevalence rates of 2009,2010 and 2011.Results The nosocomial infection prevalence rates were 3.19%,3.69% and 3.68% in 2009,2010,2011,respectively.There were no significant differences compared with prevalence rates of the 3 years（P〉0.05）.The prevalence rate of lower respiratory tract dropped from 2.09% to 1.11%,urinary tract infections prevalence rate rose from 0.37% to 1.23%,operative sites infection rate rose from 0.12% to 0.78%.The usage rate of antibacterials dropped from 47.54% to 31.77%（P〈0.005）.There were no significant difference among the constituent ratio of single antibacterials,two antibacterials and three antibacterials usage.The constituent ratio of antibacterials usaged for treatment and prevention increased from 8.59% to 15.25%（P〈0.05）and the usaged for prevention dropped from 34.38% to 23.86%（P〈0.01）.The main pathogenic bacteria was gram-negative bacilli,gram-positive and fungi followed.Conclusions Grasping the infection sites,risk factors and antibacterials can effective prevention and control nosocomial infection,promoted hospital administration improvement.

关 键 词：医院感染 现患率 横断面调查 抗菌药物 调查 分析 

分 类 号：R197.3[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]