蔬菜中Cd的积累与土壤环境的相关性分析  

Correlation Analysis of Cd Enrichment by Vegetables and the Soil Environment

作　　者：崔冬霞[1] 刘应平[2,3] 曾宜君[2] 许伟[3] 

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学,成都610068 [2]四川省地质调查院,成都610081 [3]成都理工大学,成都610059

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第6期133-137,共5页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：四川省国土资源厅基础研究项目基金资助

摘　　要：以四川某地为研究区,配套采集了31套蔬菜及其根系土样本,分析测试了蔬菜中Cd的含量和根系土中重金属元素Cd不同形态的分量以及有机质、pH值等环境指标的含量,将蔬菜按照根、茎、叶类蔬菜进行分类,对Cd元素在蔬菜中的积累与土壤环境进行了相关性分析,结果表明:不同类型蔬菜中Cd的含量与土壤环境中Cd的赋存相态密切相关——土壤中水溶态、交换态Cd更易在根类蔬菜中积累,可能通过渗滤交换进入植物体内积累,造成危害;茎类、叶类蔬菜中Cd的积累与土壤中碳酸盐结合态Cd、铁锰结合态Cd和腐殖酸结合态Cd关系更为密切;酸性环境中,有机质含量丰富对蔬菜吸收Cd有抑制作用;中性和碱性环境中,有机质含量增加对植物吸收Cd有明显的促进作用;以萝卜、莴笋和大白菜为例,对不同蔬菜中Cd的富集能力进行探讨,表明Cd的富集能力从强到弱排序依次为:莴笋叶子部位,莴笋茎部位,大白菜,萝卜.Samples of 31 vegetables and their rhizosphere soils were collected in a certain place of Sichuan, total Cd in the vegetable samples and the contents of different Cd speciations, organic matter and pH of the soil samples were determined, and the correlations of the soil environment indicators with Cd accumulation in leafy, stem and root vegetables were analyzed. The following results were obtained. The content of Cd in various types of vegetables was closely related to the speeiation of Cd in the soil. Water soluble Cd and exchangeable Cd in the soil were more readily enriched by root vegetables, and could possibly enter the plant through percolation. Cd enrichment in stem and leafy vegetables appeared more closely related to soil Cd bound to carbonates, Fe-Mn or humid acid. In an acid environment, the abundant organic matter inhibited Cd uptake by vegetables, while in a neutral or alkaline environment the increase in organic matter promoted Cd absorption by the plants. With radish, lettuce and Chinese cabbage as examples, the paper discusses the Cd enrichment ability of different vegetables and arranges them in the order of： lettuce leaf lettuce stem 〉 Chinese cabbage 〉 radish.

关 键 词：蔬菜 土壤 CD 赋存形态 四川 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]