模型试验柔性均布压力加载系统研制及其应用  

Development of flexible uniform pressure loading system for model test and its application

作　　者：王汉鹏[1] 王琦[1] 李海燕[1] 李为腾[1] 张敦福[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学岩土与结构工程研究中心,济南250061 [2]山东大学土建与水利学院,济南250014

出　　处：《岩土力学》2012年第7期1945-1950,共6页Rock and Soil Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(No.50904043);国家自然科学基金(No.50979052);山东省自然科学基金项目(No.ZR2009FM009);山东大学自主创新基金(No.2012TS062);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(No.20110131110030)

摘　　要：地质力学模型试验均布压力精确加载是保证试验精度的前提。为此研制了一种新型柔性均布压力加载系统,该系统主要包括液压自动控制系统和柔性均布压力加载装置。液压自动控制系统操作方便,可实现计算机自动控制12路压力精确伺服加、卸载和长期稳压。柔性均布压力加载装置由液压油缸、球铰、刚性推力器和柔性传力橡胶垫块等组成,采用数值方法确定柔性橡胶的厚度为50 mm。该系统应用到表面不平的模型加载中并与刚性加载进行了对比。试验结果表明,柔性均布压力加载系统相对于刚性加载效果显著,模型内应力场均匀程度取决于橡胶传力垫块的邵氏硬度、加载应力大小和距表面深度。邵氏硬度小的橡胶柔性加载模型内应力场更均匀;且模型应力场随加载应力增大趋于均匀。模型内应力场距加载表面越远越均匀,柔性加载使距加载表面130 mm以下应力场基本保持均匀状态。试验表明,柔性均布压力加载系统有利于提高模型试验加载精度,具有广泛的应用前景。Flexible uniform pressure loading is the premise to enhance the accuracy of geomechanical model test.A new flexible uniform pressure loading system is developed,which includes hydraulic automatic control system and flexible uniform pressure loading device.Hydraulic automatic control system can be operated easily and controls the 12-exact servo pressure loading with longtime stability or unloading automatically.Flexible uniform pressure loading device is composed of the hydraulic cylinder,rigid thruster and flexible transfer rubber pad etc.;the reasonable thickness of flexible transfer rubber pad is 50 mm determined by numerical method.The system is applied to the model test with uneven surface and compared with the rigid loading.The results show that the effect of flexible uniform pressure loading device is more significant to rigid loading.The model initial stress field depends on the Shore hardness of uniformity transmission rubber pads,loading stress and depth from the surface.The Shore hardness of rubber is lower,the model initial stress field is more even;and model initial stress field becomes uniform with the loading increasing and depth increasing.The model stress of depth 130 mm from surface is uniform using flexible uniform pressure loading.Test result shows that the flexible uniform pressure loading system improves the accuracy of pressure loading and can be applied to model test widely.

关 键 词：地质力学模型试验 均布压力加载 系统研制 柔性橡胶 试验应用 

分 类 号：TU317[建筑科学—结构工程]