四川核桃栽培适宜性区划研究  

Planting Regionalization and Ecological Adaptability of Walnut in Sichuan Province

作　　者：韩华柏[1] 罗成荣[1] 朱益川[1] 吴万波[1] 张强 杜光宴 

机构地区：[1]四川省林业科学研究院,四川成都610081 [2]茂县林业局,四川茂县623200 [3]成都广泽景观建设有限公司,四川成都611135

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2012年第3期1-7,共7页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：国家林业局重点科研项目(2008-4)

摘　　要：采用主成分分析法,确定了影响四川核桃生长发育的主导气候因子为,年均温、≥10℃积温、年极端低温、年日照时数、年降水量、1月平均气温和7月平均气温。通过对气候因子和土壤因子的适宜性综合分析,结合四川核桃主产区气候条件和生物学特性,得出全省核桃主要适宜的生态指标为,海拔400～2 800 m、土壤pH值5.5～8.5、土层厚度≥60 cm、≥10℃积温3 000～6 500℃、年平均气温9～18℃、年极端低温≥-15℃、年降水量400～1 200 mm、年日照时数≥1 300 h、1月平均气温≥-1℃、7月平均气温≤28℃。由此将四川划分为四川盆地北缘、东北缘核桃中心栽培区,川西高山峡谷核桃中心栽培区,川西南山地泡核桃中心栽培区,四川盆地中部核桃、泡核桃一般栽培区4个栽培区,对各区域核桃适宜性进行了评价,为四川核桃产业发展提供了科学依据。Adopting principal component analysis, the predominant climatic factors affecting the growth and develop- ment of walnut in Sichuan province were annual average temperature,≥ 10℃ accumulated temperature, annual ex- treme low temperature, annual sunshine duration, annual rainfall, average temperature in January and in July. Through comprehensive analysis on climatic and soil factors, combining the climatic conditions of Sichuan province and the biological characteristics of walnut, the suitable ecological indexes for walnut planting in Sichuan province were summarized as ： alleviation of 400 - 2 800 m, soil pH of 5.5 - 8.5, soil thickness of ≥60 cm, ≥ 10℃ accu- mulated temperature of 3 000 -6 500℃, annual temperature of 9 -18℃, annual extreme temperature of ≥ -15℃ ; annual rainfall of 400 - 1 200mm, annual sunshine duration of ≥ 1 300 h, average January temperature of ≥ - 1 ℃, average July temperature of ≤28℃. Accordingly, the planting areas for walnut in Sichuan province were divided into four regions, namely the central cultivation areas at north and northeast edge of Sichuan basin, central cultiva- tion areas located at mountainous gorge in west Sichuan, central cultivation areas located at southwest Sichuan, cul- tivation areas at central part of Sichuan basin. The ecological adaptabilities of different regions for walnut cultivation were evaluated, which could provided the scientific basis for walnut industry development in Sichuan province.

关 键 词：核桃 栽培区划 主成分分析 适宜性 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]