中国商民运动中商民的角色与地位  

The Role and Status of the Mercantile Class During the Modern Chinese Mercantile Class Movement

作　　者：乔兆红 

机构地区：[1]上海200020

出　　处：《社会科学》2012年第7期132-143,共12页Journal of Social Sciences

摘　　要：以商民协会为依托的"商民运动",时间限于1924—1930年。1924年商民协会成立以前和1930年商民协会废止以后商人的活动称为"商人运动",其中的"商人"涵盖一切革命不革命的大中小商人。事实上,在国民革命政府管辖的区域内和北伐势力所及之处,许多中小商人、店员和摊贩都被发动起来,加入商民协会,投身商民运动,从而成为大革命时期波澜壮阔的民众运动的组成部分。革命势力所及,大商人也有不少参加商民协会开展商民运动的,但中小商人是商民协会和商民运动的主体,商民运动特别强调的反对帝国主义的经济侵略、反对封建军阀的苛捐杂税、反对买办大商人,主要也是反映了民族资产阶级和小资产阶级的利益和诉求。所以,在商民运动中,"商民"的主体和主导,应该属于民族资产阶级和小资产阶级。Mercantile Class Movement relying on the Mercantile class association limited to 1924 to 1930. Period prior to the establishment of Mercantile class association in 1924 and the abolishment in 1930 called ＂the movement of business people＂, in which ＂businessman＂ covers all revolutionary or no revolutionary, medium and small businessman. In fact, the many small businessmen, shopkeepers and street vendors in the areas under the jurisdiction of the National Revolutionary Government and the North- ern Expedition forces reach were mobilized to organize, to join the Mercantile class association, to join the movement of business people, thus becoming the component of the magnificent popular movements during the Great Revolution. Reaching revolutionary forces, big merchants also participated in the move- ment of business people, but small and medium businessmen is the main body of the movement of busi- ness people. It is because the main body of the Mercantile class association and the movement of business people is small and medium - sized merchants that the movement put special emphasis on activities a- gainst imperialism and economic aggression, against the exactions of the feudal warlords, against the com- prador of big merchants, which mainly reflects the interests and aspirations of the national bourgeoisie and petty bourgeoisie.

关 键 词：商民 商民协会 商民运动 角色 地位 

分 类 号：K262[历史地理—历史学]