基于生态系统稳定目标下的城市空间增长上限研究——以北京市为例  

Research on Growth Limit of Urban Space Based on the Stability of Ecosystem:A Case Study of Beijing

作　　者：张有坤[1,2,3] 樊杰[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,中国北京100101 [2]中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室,中国北京100101 [3]中国科学院研究生院,中国北京100049

出　　处：《经济地理》2012年第6期53-58,共6页Economic Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(40830741);国家科技支撑项目(2008BAH31B01)

摘　　要：在生产生活活动对国土空间的旺盛需求背景下,人们却忽略了资源的有限性和环境的脆弱性。因此,必须明确区域城市空间相对合理的增长上限。以区域人居环境的相对最优化为目标,从城市化角度进行土地生态适宜性评价分析,研究生态景观单元是否适宜于人类的开发利用活动。以北京市为例,从土地利用/土地覆被类型、地形坡度、生态功能、生态价值等4个方面建立景观过程阻力评价体系;利用最小累积阻力模型和ArcGis空间分析工具,得到北京区域城市空间增长最小累积阻力分布;同时借鉴国外城市空间结构发展规律,尝试对处于一定经济发展阶段和生产技术要素投入水平下的城市空间增长上限及阈值区间进行确定。Being in some state of the ecological environment, the formation and development of the city are supported and restricted by ecological system and environmental capacity. In the background of land space strongly demanded which required by the production activities, people ignores the limitation of resources and vulnerability of environment. In the past 30 years, high speed industrialization and urbanization caused so .many problems in China, such as disorderly development of land space, the deterioration of ecology and the environment, the enhancement of resources pressure. Therefore, it is very important for us to make sure the growth limit of urban space and construct the reasonable urban and rural land-use pattern, that we can easily understand the binding mechanism in the process of the urban expansion and carry out the city planning and land use planning work. The target of this article is to pursue relative optimization of regional living environment. From the perspective of city, through analyzing the land ecologic suitability evaluation, we have studied whether the ecological landscape unit is suitable for the development and utilization of human activities or not. Specifically, taking the city of Beijing for example, from the four aspects of the type of land use/land cover, terrain slope, ecological function and ecological value, we established the landscape process resistance evaluation system. Using the minimal cumulative resistance model and the spatial analysis tool of ArcGIS, we have got the distribution of minimal cumulative resistance of urban space growth in Beijing; At the same time, using the rules of the World City space structure, we try to determine the urban space growth limit and threshold value interval of Beijing, at a certain stage of economic development and level of production technology inputs.

关 键 词：生态系统稳定 城市空间 增长上限 北京 

分 类 号：F291.1[经济管理—国民经济]