变暖背景下陕西极端气候事件变化分析  

Change of Extreme Climate Events in Shaanxi Province under Global Warming Background

作　　者：蔡新玲[1] 吴素良[1] 贺皓 姜创业[1] 孙娴[1] 高红艳 郑广芬[3] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省气候中心,陕西西安710014 [2]陕西省专业气象台,陕西西安710014 [3]宁夏气候中心,宁夏银川750002

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2012年第4期1095-1101,共7页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：中国气象局气候变化专项(CCSF2011-26);陕西省气象局2011年重点课题(2011-Z7);陕西省科技发展计划项目(2012K12-03-02);公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201006023)共同资助

摘　　要：利用1961—2010年陕西省78个气象观测站的逐日最高温度、最低温度、平均温度以及日降水量资料,采用趋势分析方法对该地区极端气候事件的变化进行了分析。结果表明:①近50a来陕西降水极端事件没有显著的增减变化趋势,但存在明显的阶段性。②近50a来区域严重干燥事件在显著增加而严重湿润事件趋于减少,2000年以后严重干湿事件均偏多,区域降水有向不均衡、极端化发展的趋势。③区域年极端高(低)温事件在近50a来呈现显著的增加(减少)趋势,其空间分布具有较好的一致性。极端温度事件的变化在各季节存在差异,冬、春季变暖的趋势比较显著。在显著变暖的20世纪90年代以后,相对于降水极端事件,温度极端事件显现地更为突出。Based on daily maximum temperature,daily minimum temperature,daily mean temperature and daily precipitation from 78 weather stations in Shaanxi Province from 1961 to 2010,the changes of extreme climate events in Shaanxi Province were analyzed by trend analysis method.Results showed that：（1） In the recent 50 years,there was no significant variation trend in rainstorm days and extreme precipitation events,but there was significant stage variation for the extreme precipitation events.（2） The number of severe drought events increased and the number of severe wet events decreased during the 50 years.The severe drought events and wet events were relatively more than normal level after 2000.Precipitation became uneven and extreme.（3） The extreme high temperature events increased and the extreme low temperature events decreased,and their spatial distributions of the extreme temperature events were consistent.The changes of extreme temperature events were more significant in winter and spring than in summer.Since global warming in 1990s,the extreme temperature events are more prominent than extreme precipitation events.

关 键 词：极端气候事件 温度 降水 

分 类 号：P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]