运用气候箱模拟石河子棉区棉花冷害的试验研究  

Simulation Experiment on Response of Cotton during Flowering and Boll Stages to Low Temperature by Artificial Climatic Box in Shihezi,Xinjiang of China

作　　者：邹陈[1] 陈冬花 吉春容[1] 杨举芳 尹育红 李新建[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所新疆维吾尔自治区树木年轮生态重点实验室/中国气象局树木年轮理化研究重点开放实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区卫星应用工程中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [3]乌兰乌苏农业气象试验站,新疆石河子832011

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2012年第4期1182-1186,共5页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(IDM201005);国家自然科学基金项目(41005059;31060036);公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201106025);新疆气象局项目(201009)共同资助

摘　　要：为了确定引起棉花障碍型冷害的主导气象因子,达到及时预报、减轻损失的目的,2003—2005年在新疆石河子棉区乌兰乌苏农业气象试验站内,通过智能人工气候箱实施低温处理试验,模拟2001年石河子地区发生障碍型冷害时的温、湿度变化,并做不同光照强度处理的对比试验。结果表明,棉花在花铃期遭受异常低温冷害之后,其叶片、蕾和幼铃都会出现异常脱落现象,并且其蕾和幼铃先于叶片表现出受害现象,其减少率也大于叶片;而且受害程度不仅与冷害过程中的温、湿度及光照强度有关,而且与冷害发生前所处的环境条件密切相关。A simulation experiment for finding out the main meteorological factors resulting in cotton severe cold disasters was carried out by applying intelligent artificial climatic box in Wulanwusu Agro-meteorological Experiment Station in Xinjiang during 2003-2005.Results showed that the leaf,bud and bell of cotton during the flowering and boll-forming stages fell off abnormally after low temperature treatment,and the response of cotton bud and bell to the same low temperature were more sensitive than the leaf,also the suffered cold disaster extent were more serious than the leaf.The severity of cold disaster to cotton was not only relevant to temperature,humidity and light intensity in the whole cold disaster process,but also closely related to the environmental conditions before cold disaster occurrence.

关 键 词：低温试验 石河子棉区 花铃期 模拟 

分 类 号：S161.2[农业科学—农业气象学]