山(扇)/排山(扇)/扇架/栟/扶栟——江南工匠竖屋架的术语、仪式及《鲁班营造正式》中一段话的解疑  

Shan/Paishan/Shanjia/Ping/Fuping——Craftsman-words and Ceremonies about "Truss" Concept in the South of the Changjiang River,and Explanation of the Doubtful Points in a Paragraph of " Lu-Ban-Ying-Zao-Zheng-Shi"

作　　者：孙博文[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院

出　　处：《建筑师》2012年第3期56-65,共10页The Architect

基　　金：十一五国家科技支撑计划资助课题(编号2008BA J08B04);国家自然科学基金资助课题(编号5178277)

摘　　要：《鲁班营造正式》据猜测是一本流传于坊间的工匠营造用书,其成书年代与地域影响尚有许多未解之谜。就现有的研究成果来看,书中出现的语言表述如何解释尚存在许多疑点。对于这样一本语体上近于口语表达的古代文献,仅通过文献研究获得的信息是有限的。本课题组近期在江南各省进行了广泛的田野调研工作,通过大量对民间大木工匠访谈,笔者注意到了若干与大木技术中屋架概念有关的工匠术语及与竖立屋架有关的仪式,并由此而启发了对于《鲁班营造正式》中已久有疑惑的一段话的新释,同时也系统阐明了与屋架及其竖立过程有关的工匠语词与相应的仪式系统。＂Lu Ban Ying Zoo Zheng Shi＂ is a craftsmen＇ s book which is guessed to be used by traditional capenters. The origin and impact of the book is still unknown.Many expressions of the book need more research.For such a type of writing similar to the ancient oral literature, studying the book only through ancient documents is limited.I carried out extensive fieldwork recently in southern provinces of china, through interviewing a number of craftsmen.I noticed several important technology-related words of capenter, which irradiate me the explanation of a question puzzling me for long time.Besides this, I also explained the methodical use of the two words.

关 键 词：山(扇)桥[ping(阴平)排山扇架工匠语词鲁班营造正式仪式人类学 

分 类 号：TU-092[建筑科学—建筑理论]