三峡工程库区滑坡监测几个问题的探讨  

Problems about monitoring of landslides in TGP reservoir area

作　　者：叶青[1] 赵全麟[1] 

机构地区：[1]长江勘测技术研究所,湖北武汉430012

出　　处：《人民长江》2000年第6期7-9,共3页Yangtze River

摘　　要：三峡库区岸坡存在数百处大大小小的崩、滑体和危岩体 ,为达到预报安全和减灾防灾的目的 ,必须对这众多的崩滑体和危岩体进行监测。库岸崩滑体变形监测的设计与实施应当根据滑体特征、地形地貌、变形阶段和三峡工程库水位运行等方面进行。为利用有限的经费取得较好的监测效果 ,必须合理选定监测对象 ,以 (崩 )滑体规模、稳定性和可能的危害程度 3方面作为确定条件。监测项目主要是变形和环境因素两大类。观测精度与周期直接影响监测效果和费用 ,如何确定较为合理的监测精度与周期 ,须从以下 3方面考虑 :①监视体现状的要求 ;②有关规范规定 ;③国内外滑坡监测经验借鉴。监测方法有 4大类 :大地测量法、埋设仪表法、陆地摄影测量方法和全球定位系统。In the TGP reservoir area,there are hundreds of landslides、rock falls and precarious rock masses of different sizes.In order to minimize the potential damage caused by large scale landslide,the monitoring of landslide must be carried out.Its purpose is making sure of the development trend & failure mechanism of the landslides by means of periodical deformation observation,so that the landslide forecast may be made and the disaster prevention and mitigation measures may be taken.Monitoring items are divided into two sorts,i.e.the effect quantity —— deformation,and the cause quantity —— environmental factor.The accuracy and frequency of monitoring are defined in accordance with the requirements of monitored object itself,the provisions in relevant specifications,and similar experiences at home and abroad.The main monitoring methods are geodetic surveying and embedded instrument observation.At present stage,the human operation and semi-automatic modes of observation are mainly used,with full-automatic mode adopted in a few landslide observations.

关 键 词：滑坡监测 危岩监测 监测方法 自动化 三峡库区 

分 类 号：TV698.11[水利工程—水利水电工程] TV697.23