氧化铝赤泥盐酸浸出稀土元素研究  

Leaching Rare Earth Elements from Alumina Red Mud Hydrochloric Acid

作　　者：王克勤[1] 宋嘉伟[1] 高燕[1] 姜武[1] 

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学材料科学与工程学院,山西太原030024

出　　处：《稀有金属》2012年第4期676-680,共5页Chinese Journal of Rare Metals

基　　金：山西省科技攻关项目(2010-28)资助

摘　　要：在用盐酸浸出氧化铝赤泥提取氧化钪的过程中,稀土元素镧,铈,钕也一同浸出,进入到浸出液中。研究了拜耳法赤泥盐酸浸出稀土元素镧,铈,钕的过程。研究了浸出温度、酸度、液固比和浸出时间对稀土元素浸出率的影响。研究结果表明,影响稀土浸出率的因素依次是浸出温度,盐酸浓度,配料液固比,和浸出时间。当接近沸点109℃浸出时,镧、铈、钕浸出率提高最快。盐酸酸度在4～5 mol.L-1时,浸出率升高较快,5～7 mol.L-1时,缓慢提高,当超过7 mol.L-1时,镧、铈、钕的浸出率基本不变化。当液固比为4.0时,镧、铈、钕元素的浸出率较低,仅为60%～75%之间,当液固比提高到5.0时,稀土元素的浸出率升高较快。随着浸出时间的延长,氧化稀土的浸出率从60～180 min时,缓慢提高,在180 min时达到最大值,超过180 min后,变化不大。在温度为沸点(109℃),液固比6.0,时间180 min。盐酸浓度7 mol.L-1的条件下浸出,赤泥中La,Ce,Nd的浸出率能达到95%以上。In the process of extracting scandium oxide from alumina oxide red mud using hydrochloric acid leaching, it was found that rare earth elements, such as La, Ce, and Nd also entered the leaching solution. The Bayer process for red mud hydrochloric acid leac- hing rare earth elements, lanthanum, cerium, and neodymium process was studied. The leaching temperature, acidity, the liquid-solid ratio and leaching time leaching rate of rare earth elements of influence were studied. The results showed that, the influence factors of rare earth leaching rate in turn was leaching temperature, hydrochloric acid concentration, the liquid-solid ratio, and leaching time. When close to boiling point 109℃, lanthanum, cerium, and neodymium leaching rate increased the fastest. Hydrochloric acid in 4-5, leaching rate increased quickly, 5-7mol·L^-1, rose gradually, when more than 7 mol·L^-1, lanthanum, cerium, and ne- odymium leaching rate of basic did not change. When the liquid-solid ratio of 4.0, lanthanum, cerium, and neodymium element ex- traction rate was low, only 60%-75% between, when the liquid-solid ratio increased to 5.0, rare earth elements extraction rate in- creased quickly. As the extension of leaching time, from 60 to 180 min, the rare earth oxide leaching rate slowly increased, in 180 min to achieve maximum. As to leaching time of more than 180 min, there was only a little change. In the temperature of boiling point （109℃）, the liquid-solid ratio 6.0, time 180 min hydrochloric acid concentration 7mol·L^-1, under the leaching conditions , La, Ce, Nd in red mud extraction rate could reach more than 95%.

关 键 词：拜耳法赤泥 浸出 液固比 

分 类 号：TF845[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]