准噶尔盆地北三台凸起构造演化与油气成藏  

Structure evolution and hydrocarbon accumulation the Beisantai uplift in Junggar Basin

作　　者：吴晓智[1] 周路[2] 杨迪生[3] 齐雪峰[1] 李伯华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083 [2]西南石油大学,成都610500 [3]新疆油田公司勘探开发研究院,新疆克拉玛依834000

出　　处：《地质科学》2012年第3期653-668,共16页Chinese Journal of Geology(Scientia Geologica Sinica)

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划"973"项目(编号:2009CB219300)资助

摘　　要：准噶尔盆地东部北三台凸起属于残余古凸起,东西分离阜康与吉木萨尔凹陷,南北分割沙帐断褶带与阜康断裂带,构造位置特殊;其形成演化经历晚海西、印支、燕山及喜马拉雅4次大的构造运动,整体表现为东北断隆,向西倾没,围绕凸起形成了较为复杂的断裂系统;深层石炭系—三叠系断裂发育(逆断裂),浅层侏罗系—白垩系主体继承(正断裂),具有形成早,结束晚的特点。受东西、东北向断裂切割,北三台凸起呈现两个凸起构造带、两个斜坡构造带和6个断裂构造带组合特征。中晚燕山期,收博格达山前凹陷转化成增生楔向北逆冲,构造载荷增大,影响北三台北断裂大幅度逆冲,导致北三台凸起强烈隆升并最终定型。自二叠纪—侏罗纪凸起核部向北迁移,地层由阜康凹陷向凸起方向上超,逐层减薄。在南北向挤压应力作用下,由侏罗纪早期开始,凸起核部逐渐迁移至北三台。在其构造演化过程中与二叠系主力烃源岩层形成与烃演化匹配的良好关系,一直是阜康凹陷生成油气的汇聚方向,在凸起构造不断抬升,高部位地层遭受剥蚀,油气藏遭受破坏的同时,油气仍然向其不断补充,油气供给较为充足,保障了凸起带、断裂带、斜坡区各构造的油气充注,构造低部位的鼻凸带、断裂带下盘、斜坡区三叠系与中下侏罗统保存完整的部位,早期形成的油气藏仍能够得到良好保存;形成围绕北三台凸起"秃顶"的复式油气聚集,并以中小型规模油气藏为主,油气藏按局部构造带有规律展布;斜坡区侏罗—三叠与深层二叠—石炭系应是主要勘探方向。Beisantai uplift located at the eastern part of Junggar is a relic palaeohigh. Because of the special location, Fukang had been separated from Jimusaer in the west-east direction, and Shazhang fault-fold belt separated from fukang fault north-south direction. Its evolvement has undergone Hercynian movement, Indo-China movement, Yanshan tectonic movements and Himalayan movement. The whole impress can be described as a northeast uplift descented to the west part, and fault systems developed around the palaeohigh. Compressional faulting developed at deep zone such as Carboniferous-Triassic, and down throw faulting at Jurassic-cretaceous, all this fault systems formed early and closed late. It was cut by latitudinal and longitudinal faults, Beisantai uplift presented as two uplifts, two slopes and six fault structure belts combination. When in middle-late Yanshan epoch, affected by the increased tectonic loading owing to Bogeda piedmont depression transforming into accretionary wedge,the faults on the north part thrustedup for a long way, as a result, Beisantai area uplifted strongly and fall into the uplifting pattern. From Permian to Jurassic, the core of the uplift moved to the north, with the impact of longitudinal compressinal stress,when at early Jurassic,it start to move to Beisantai. The strata onlapped from the Fukang sag to the bump, and become thinner layer by layer. The above structural evolution matched well with Permian main hydrocarbon generating process, so Beisantai uplift was always the converging place of hydrocarbon from Fukang sag. When the uplift lifted constantly, strata on high point had been denuded and the accumulation was destroyed ,but the hydrocarbon supplied frequently as the hydrocarbon source was abundant. Therefore, it guaranteed full injection into structure belts such as uplifts, faults and slopes. The Triassic and Lower-Middle Jurassic layer of low uplift,footwall of fault belts and slope preserved well, the accumulation formed early can be preserved intact till now. Medium and sma

关 键 词：构造特征 构造演化 成藏模式 油气聚集 北三台凸起 准噶尔盆地 

分 类 号：P542[天文地球—构造地质学] TE122[天文地球—地质学]