丙型肝炎病毒感染及其性传播途径的研究  

Study on Hepatitis C Virus Infections and Its Sexual Transmission

作　　者：刘正印[1] 王爱霞[1] 盛瑞媛[1] 许少侠[1] 孙荣玲 王晓峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院中国协和医科大学北京协和医院,北京市100730

出　　处：《中国性病艾滋病防治》2000年第2期69-71,共3页Chinese Journal of Std & Aids Prevention and Control

摘　　要：目的 探讨丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)经性传播的可能性和HCV感染的危险因素。方法 采用EIA-Ⅱ检测抗-HCV阳性者及其配偶、性病门诊就医者、暗娟及嫖客、HIV/AIDS患者的血清抗-HCV,并用逆转录巢式聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)法检测上述血标本的HCV RNA。另设抗-HCV及HCV RNA阴性的健康者及其配偶(20对)作为对照。结果 (1)84例HCV感染者及丙肝患者中HCVRNA阳性51例(60.78％),阴性33例(39.22％);其配偶有2例(2.38％)抗-HCV或HCV RNA阳性,她们的丈夫均为HCV RNA阳性的活动性肝硬化患者,33例HCV RNA阴性患者配偶中无HCV感染;(2)149例性病门诊就医者有2例抗-HCV和HCV RNA均阳性(1.34％);(3)40例暗娼和44例男性嫖客各有1例抗-HCV和HCV RNA阳性,均未用避孕套,而使用避孕套者中无HCV感染。(4)23例HIV/AIDS患者中有6例抗-HCV阳性(26.09％);(5)20对抗-HCV阴性者及其健康配偶(对照组)无HCV感染。结论 本研究表明HCV经性传播确实存在,但HCV感染者的配偶及一般性病患者中的感染率较低,可能和避孕套的使用与HCV感染者血中病毒载量较低有关;但HIV/AIDS患者中HCV感染率高达26.09％(6/23),表明HCV与HIV有共同的传播途径,后者可促进HCV感染的发生;丙肝患者HCV RNA阳性串与其ALT明显增加(正常值2倍以上)、肝病的严重程度等有关,患者肝病程?To explore the possibility of the sexual transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and investigate the risk factors of its transmission. Methods The sera of HCV patients and their spouses, attenders of STD clinic, underground prostitutes, clients and HIV/AIDS patients were detected for anti - HCV and HCV RNA by means of a second -generation enzyme immunoassay (EIA-Ⅱ) and nested polymerase chain reaction (NT - PCR) with the 5' - noncoding region, respectively. 20 health individuals with anti - HCV negatives, together with their spouses, were designed as a control. Results (1) Of 84 patients with HCV infections, 51 ones (60.78 % ) were HCV RNA positives; 33 (39.22 % ) negatives, so were their spouses. Only did both anti - HCV and HCV RNA were found in 2 spouses (2. 38% ) among 84 ones, but their husbands of the two spouses had been diagnosed the active cirrhosis with HCV RNA positive; (2) 2 (1.34%) out of 149 patients attended STD clinic were both anti- HCV and HCV RNA positives; (3) 1 out of 40 underground prostitutes and as many out of 44 male clients were the positives of both anti - HCV and HCV RNA, who never used condoms; in contrast, who used condoms did not infected with HCV; (4) The high prevalence rate of HCV, 26.09% (6/23), existed in the individuals living with HIV or AIDS; (5) No one had the markers of HCV in the control group. Conclusion The study indicates that the risk factors of HCV sexual transmission may occur but infrequently. The high prevalence of HCV among HIV/AIDS patients strongly suggests that HIV be a co- factor for HCV sexual transmission. Condom use plays an important role in reducing HCV sexual transimission. HCV RNA in the sera of HCV patients is related to high ALT level and the severity of HCV - related liver diseases. The more serious the HCV - related liver diseases, the higher both the level of HCV RNA and the risk of HCV sexual transmission.

关 键 词：丙型肝炎病毒 HCV 性传播途径 病毒感染 

分 类 号：R512.630.2[医药卫生—内科学]