我国近年百日咳流行病学特点分析  

An Analysis on Current Epidemiological Characteristics of Pertussis in China

作　　者：张兴录[1] 杨志伟[1] 周军[2] 于竞进[2] 王克安[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国预防医学科学院,北京100050 [2]卫生部疾病控制司,北京100044

出　　处：《中国计划免疫》2000年第2期93-95,共3页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

摘　　要：利用描述性流行病学分析方法 ,对我国 195 0年以来全国法定传染病报告系统和近年全国疾病监测点百日咳疫情资料进行分析 ,以了解我国近年来百日咳的流行病学特点。结果表明 :自实施计划免疫以后 ,百日咳发病率和死亡率大幅度下降 ,年发病率由 60～ 70年代的 10 0 /10万～ 2 0 0 /10万降至目前的 1/10万以下 ;流行范围逐步缩小 ,目前有病例报告的县占全国总县数的 3 0 %左右 ;但是局部地区仍有暴发 ,春夏为高发季节 ,病例主要集中在婴幼儿和学龄前儿童 ,80 %左右的病例集中在 7岁以下儿童 ,其中 5岁以下儿童占 60 %左右。据此 ,全国应进一步提高和保持高水平的百白破混合制剂常规免疫接种率 ,控制局部地区的暴发 。By descriptively analyzing pertussis data from National Notifiable Disease Reporting System and Disease Surveillance Point System, it is found that morbidity and mortality of pertussis have dramatically decreased since the time of launching EPI program. Morbidity has dramatically reduced from 100-200 cases per 100,000 in 60-70's to below 1 case per 100,000 in recent several years.Cases were reported only in 35% counties in China. However, outbreaks of pertussis still occur in few limited areas.The seasonal distribution with most of cases occurring in spring and summer and age distribution of cases mainly occurring in infants and pre-school children were displayed.It is recommended that improving and maintaining high level of DPT routine immunization coveroge rate should be ensured, so as to prevent pertussis outbreak or resurgence. At the same time, pertussis surveillance and management of infectious sources should be strengthened.

关 键 词：百日咳 流行病学 中国 

分 类 号：R516.601[医药卫生—内科学]