社区及基层医院开展儿童听力筛查模式的探讨  

Investigation on the hearing screening model for children in community health center and grass roots hospital.

作　　者：容庆丰[1] 赵海红[1] 张国华[1] 

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学附属小榄医院耳鼻喉科,广东中山528415

出　　处：《海南医学》2012年第14期119-120,共2页Hainan Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的探讨社区及基层医院筛查儿童听力的多种模式。方法通过对中山市小榄人民医院及其所属社区卫生站在2008年1月至2010年1月对0~7岁学龄前儿童共9830人的的筛查,在社区卫生站强调：听觉行为观察测听法,在医院主要是瞬态诱发耳声发射;声导抗测试;听觉脑干诱发电位。结果共9830人进行听力筛查,社区卫生站筛查3514人,医院筛查6316人,社区初筛可疑听力障碍儿童36人,后经医院跟踪确诊听力障碍儿童6人,发现率为1.70‰。社区发现的首诊平均年龄为2.95岁,医院筛查6316人,确诊听力障碍儿童6人,发现率为0.95‰,发现的首诊年龄为1.52岁。结论社区听力障碍儿童的发现率较医院高,社区发现听力障碍儿童的发现年龄较医院的晚,医院筛查的准确性较社区的高。社区卫生站及基层医院联合多种途径对0~7岁学龄前儿童听力筛查,能及时发现听力障碍儿童,使能及时得到治疗。Objective To explore hearing screening model for children in community health center and grass roots hospital. Methods A total of 9 830 preschool children of 0~7 years old from Xiaolan Hospital and community health center from January 2008 to January 2010 were measured with hearing screening. The community health center mainly applied behavioral observation audiometry. The hospital mainly applied otoacoustic emissiona, auditory brainstem response, and measurement of acoustic. Results A total of 9 830 children were measured, 3 514 children from the community health center and 6 316 children from the hospital. Thirty-six children suspicious of impaired hearing were found in the community health center, and 6 were later confirmed by the hospital, with the detection rate of 1.70 ‰. The average age of first diagnosis in the community health center was 2.95 years. 6 316 children were measured in the hospital, and 6 hearing-impaired children were found, with the the detection rate of 0.95‰. The average age of first diagnosis was 1.52 years in the hospital. Conclusion There was a higher detection rate of impaired hearing in the community health center than the hospital, but the average age of first diagnosis was older. The detection rate can be improved through the combination of several hearing screening models.

关 键 词：听力筛查 耳声发射 听觉脑干诱发电位 行为观察测听法 声导抗 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]